Browsing by Subject "Holy Cross Mountains"

Now showing 1 - 18 of 18

Access status: Restricted ,
Analiza ilościowa i jakościowa mikroskamieniałości z utworów formacji łupków z Gór Pieprzowych w profilu Błonie I
(Data obrony: 2016-09-29) Mądry, Elżbieta
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
W niniejszej pracy zaprezentowano wyniki analizy ilościowej i jakościowej mikroskamieniałości z formacji łupków z Gór Pieprzowych, stanowiących najstarsze utwory Jednostki Łysogórskiej Gór Świętokrzyskich. Badane skały powstały w środkowym kambrze, ponad 500 mln lat temu w wyniku powolnej sedymentacji w płytkim morzu na krańcu Platformy Wschodnioeuropejskiej. Pobrane próbki skalne zostały poddane fizycznym i chemicznym metodom laboratoryjnym w celu ekstrakcji akritarchów. Są to bardzo drobne organizmy o organicznej ścianie i nieustalonej pozycji systematycznej, które były istotnym składnikiem fitoplanktonu w oceanie kambryjskim. Oznaczono gatunki akritarchów w celu wyznaczenia wieku badanych utworów. Wykonano analizę ilościową pozwalającą zbadać zawartość i udział procentowy wybranych palinomorfów i palinoklastów w badanych skałach profilu Błonie I. Stan zachowania materii organicznej pozwolił na wyciągnięcie wniosków dotyczących diagenezy utworów.
Access status: Open Access ,
Encrinus cf. liliiformis Lamarck, 1801, the youngest crinoid from the Polish Muschelkalk (Middle Triassic)
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2005) Salamon, Mariusz A.
The paper reports first undoubted occurrence of crinoid species Encrinus cf. liliiformis from the Upper Muschelkalk (Middle Triassic) of Poland. Contrary to previous records, it has been found the species occurs only in Upper Muschelkalk sediments. On the basis of known evidence, it seems that E. cf. liliiformis migrated east to west through the reactivated East-Carpathian Gate.
Access status: Open Access ,
Epizody intensywnego wietrzenia chemicznego zapisane w profilach hetangu z obrzeżenia Gór Świętokrzyskich (wyniki nowych badań)
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Brański, Paweł
Results of new mineralogical and geochemical research on clay deposits of the Rhaetian-Hettangian successions from the Holy Cross Mts. margin (south-eastern part of the epicontinental Polish basin) are presented. The clay mineral assemblages were mostly controlled by climatic conditions and weathering regime. Reworking of ancient sediments and the early diagenesis could modify the clay mineral composition. Some levels of the high kaolinite content at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary suggest intense continental weathering in the humid-subtropical to tropical climate related to the global warming episodes that were recorded on isotope curves from a number of sections in the world.
Access status: Restricted ,
Geologiczne i środowiskowe uwarunkowania eksploatacji złoża dolomitów Wszachów
(Data obrony: 2013-09-27) Ciejka, Oskar
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
The aim of the thesis is the evaluation of the geological and environmental conditions of the „Wszachów” deposit. Not only the region where the deposit is located was described but also its exposure focused on administrative division including the morphology, geology and the historical research of the area. Within the graduation practice, detailed observation as well as geological research in the active mine workings were conducted. The main result of the thesis is the inner structure and the overburden of the deposit characterization. The delineation embraces lithology, tectonics, karst and overburden creation. On the base of literature and references, the hydrogeology conditions, manual and mechanical properties as well as the chemical composition of the deposit were described. What is more, the influence of the deposit exploitation at the environment and tangible goods were presented. In conclusion, previously described factors were evaluated and their impact on the undertaken exploitation was assessed.
Access status: Open Access ,
Hydrogeologiczne właściwości dewońskich skał węglanowych w masywie świętokrzyskim
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2006) Rzonca, Bartłomiej
The monograph concerns the regional-scale research done on the identifying hydrogeological properties of Devonian limestone and dolomites. There were examined the properties of the hydraulic subsystems of the entire massifs: rock matrix, fissures, karst voids and the residual deposits filling the karst voids. The results demonstrated clearly insignificant role of the matrix (also as water storage), the hydraulic role of the karst forms is also strongly limited by the fillings properties. The essential part of the publication is a reinterpretation of the regional set of pumping test results (218 wells) in steady-state conditions. The evaluation demonstrated very high, random variability of the environment. The interpretations of some unsteady-state tests exactly confirmed the values obtained from the steady-state conditions pumping.
Access status: Restricted ,
Mineralizacja kruszcowa w Górach Świętokrzyskich
(Data obrony: 2018-02-02) Różycki, Krystian
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
Poniższa praca przybliża temat występowania kruszców w Górach Świętokrzyskich. W głównej mierze skupia się na charakterystyce mineralizacji Pb, Cu oraz Fe. Przedstawia również zarys geologii Gór Świętokrzyskich oraz historie wydobycia rud na obszarze. Poza badaniem literatury opiera się również o badania terenowe przeprowadzone na obszarach występowania mineralizacji kruszcowej. Porusza również aspekt przyszłych inwestycji, dotyczących eksploatacji rud metali na obszarze.
Access status: Restricted ,
Mineralizacja miedziowa w Miedziance w Górach Świętokrzyskich
(Data obrony: 2018-02-02) Wojsław, Marcin
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
Przedmiotem pracy jest charakterystyka oraz identyfikacja pierwotnej paragenezy mineralnej w złożu Miedzianka w Górach Świętokrzyskich. Mineralizacja pierwotna przyjmuje charakter niewielkich, masywnych żył oraz wypryśnięć w brekcji kalcytowej dewońskich wapieni. Minerały występują w dwóch asocjacjach, pierwsza, średniotemperaturowa; wśród której występuje chalkopiryt, bornit, galena, siarczki Co-Ni oraz minerały szeregu tennatyt-tetraedryt. Druga, niskotemperaturowa w której wyróżniamy chalkozyn, bornit oraz galenę. Opisane zostały relacje pomiędzy występującymi minerałami oraz wstępujące tekstury. Cechą charakterystyczną pierwotnych minerałów są kataklastyczne deformacje oraz powszechnie występujące procesy wietrzenia. W zakres badań wchodzą obserwacje mikroskopowe w świetle odbitym, analiza fazowa metodą dyfraktometrii rentgenowskiej, półilościowa analiza fazowa w mikroobszarze przy użyciu mikroskopii SEM-EDS oraz analiza składu chemicznego z użycie mikrosondy elektronowej.
Access status: Restricted ,
Mineralizacja polimetaliczna w Górach Świętokrzyskich
(Data obrony: 2013-07-29) Fendrych, Mateusz
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
The goal of this work was description and characterization of ore minerals from different localities in the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland. Two main ore formations have been described: the copper one and the lead-zinc one. The copper formation is represented by bornite, chalcopyrite, tennantite, gersdorffite, cobaltine, chalcocite, covellite and malachite, whereas the lead-zinc formation by galena, sphalerite, pyrite, marcasite, chalcopyrite, tetrahedrite, cerussite, covellite and iron oxides. Identification and chemical analyses were performed by the mean of reflected light microscopy and scanning microscopy. Bornite and tennantite in the copper formation, as well as tetrahedrite and galena in lead-zinc formation have been indicated as the main silver holders. New succession schemes ware presented. Within hydrothermal phase, “Ni- Cu” and “Cu” stages have been distinguished in the copper formation and “Fe”, “Pb-Zn” and “Cu” stages in the lead-zinc formation.
Access status: Open Access ,
Multi-stage fault formation and REE distribution in the surrounding Devonian dolomites in the south-eastern part of the Holy Cross Mountains (Poland)
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2024) Nieć, Marek; Pawlikowski, Maciej ; Sermet, Edyta
Metallogenic studies carried out in the Holy Cross Mountains indicate a relationship between mineralization and fault tectonics in Devonian formations. The impact of fault formation on the geochemistry of host rocks has not yet been studied. Mineralogical and geochemical studies of fault core gouges and damage zones in the fault walls of Devonian dolomites in the Budy and Jurkowice quarries were carried out. In the clay-carbonate filling of the fault fissure, the presence of two generations of Fe sulfides, the increased content of Zr, Nb, U and Th in relation to the surrounding rocks was noted. In the fault walls of the dolomites, iron sulfide and hematite mineralization were found. Research on the REE content indicates that it is lower in the fault walls than in those located far from it, while it is clearly higher in the fault gouge, especially in terms of the content of “heavy” elements (HREE). This indicates both the supply of some components to the fault zone from external sources and their displacement from the surrounding rocks. It was also found that the fault was renewed before and after the Neogene at least twice (Badenian).
Access status: Restricted ,
Ocena stopnia dojrzałości termicznej łupków sylurskich zdeponowanych w rejonie Barda
(Data obrony: 2013-12-20) Talar, Agnieszka
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
36 rock samples of Silurian age were collected in the Bardo and Prągowiec area (Holy Cross Mountains), which were then subjected to a comprehensive geochemical analysis. The Rock – Eval was performed to determine the content and composition of the group of bitumen and to conduct GC-MS analysis. The degree of thermal maturity rocks distribution was estimated from aliphatic compounds, aromatic and sulfur compounds from the GC-MS. On the basis of the biomarker indices, the thermal transformation degree was established indicating the „oil- window” phase. The high TOC content to 2.84 wt % shows to the presence of organic matter of marine origin ( type II kerogen ), with good hydrocarbon potential. The area has a complicated geological structure (numerous tectonic deformations), therefore the possibility of shale gas extraction is limited.
Access status: Restricted ,
Prędkość rozchodzenia się fali podłużnej (Vp) a litologia wybranych piaskowców Gór Świętokrzyskich
(Data obrony: 2012-09-26) Machnik, Krzysztof
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
Presented thesis shows dependence of technical and physical specificity from lithologhy of Holy Cross Mounteins. Samples were taken from Wiśniówka Duża (kambr), Tumlin Gród (trias) and Śmiłów(jura) deposits, where bulk density, weight absorbtion and speed of sound wave was researched. Mentioned samples were divided into microscopic preparations on which mineral composition was checked and as far as granulometric and planimetric analysis was made. Influence of saturation for perpendicular and parallel sound wave speed was estimated. These procedures have allowed to indicate preffered wave passage directions and evaluate the influence of stones saturation to anistotrophy ratio change. Acieved results give base for affirmation, that at good reconaissence and knowledge about speed of wave give a possibility to create an interpretation keys. They can facilitate preliminary evaluation of trend of physical and mechanical changes of roc
Access status: Open Access ,
Stan zachowania wybranych piaskowców budowlanych Polski poddanych działaniu siarczanu sodu oraz dwutlenku siarki w obecności wilgoci
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2010) Rembiś, Marek; Smoleńska, Anna
Selected sandstones quarried in Lower Silesia and the northern margin of the Holy Cross Mts have been studied. The study focused on the stone resistance to crystallization of sodium sulphate, according to the standard PN-EN 12370: 2001, and on ageing under the influence of SO$_{2}$ in the presence of moisture, according to the standard PN-EN 13919: 2004. It has been revealed that the destruction of the sandstones, often used in civil engineering, is mainly caused by crystallization of thenardite in their pores. As a result, an increasing crystallization pressure loosens the stone rigidity and imparts fracturing of the cement. The lowest resistance to the action of sodium sulphate was manifested by Jurassic sandstones (particularly those from the Nietulisko deposit) and most of the Cretaceous ones, both characterized by high porosity, as well as laminated Triassic sandstones (from the Tumlin Gród deposit). Destruction of the sandstones affected by sulphuric acid vapours is weaker: the changes result from dissolution of the feldspars of the framework and the clay minerals of the cement. The highest respective resistance was shown by Jurassic sandstones from the Nietulisko deposit as they contain low amounts of feldspars, whereas the lowest resistance by the sandstones from the Długopole deposit, which are rich in feldspars.
Access status: Restricted ,
Strefa wietrzenia złoża Miedzianka w Górach Świętokrzyskich
(Data obrony: 2018-02-02) Myszewski, Artur
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
Przedmiotem badań niniejszej pracy jest charakterystyka mineralizacji wtórnej, występującej na obszarze nieczynnej kopalni miedzi w Miedziance koło Chęcin (Góry Świętokrzyskie). Głównym obiektem zainteresowania były minerały z grup węglanów, siarczanów oraz arsenianów. W zakres badań wchodziły obserwacje mikroskopowe z użyciem światła odbitego, analiza fazowa przy pomocy dyfraktometrii rentgenowskiej (PXRD), analiza chemiczna w mikroobszarze przy użyciu mikrosondy elektronowej (WDS), badania spektroskopowe Ramana a także, badania morfologii z użyciem mikroskopii skaningowej (SEM-EDS).
Access status: Restricted ,
Tektonika i jej wpływ na eksploatację w kamieniołomie „Budy”
(Data obrony: 2017-10-05) Podleśny, Magdalena
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
Located in the Holy Cross voivodeship „Budy” quarry exploits Middle Devonian limestones and dolomites. The mine area belongs to a smaller unit called Jurkowic element and is characterized by significant tectonic engagement with which appear iron sulfides, iron and manganese oxides and karst structures. The main problems resulting from exploitation in disturbed zones are work safety and stability of excavation due to lower rocks compaction. During the field work 21 faults were distinguished that differs by the range from I operating level to the height of the quarry. It is suspected that they are fragments of bigger tectonic structure connected with Samotnia dislocation, which limits Jurkowic element from the east.
Access status: Open Access ,
Walory geoedukacyjne kamieniołomu Zachełmie w Górach Świętokrzyskich (Polska Południowa)
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2018) Złonkiewicz, Zbigniew; Mader, Anna
The abandoned Zachełmie quarry, a unique place on the geological map of the Holy Cross Mountains, is located in Zagnańsk, about 12 km northwards from Kielce. Deposits of two stages of geological development, separated by tectonic movements, are exposed in the section. The older complex is represented by the Middle Devonian grey dolomites and dolomitic claystones, steep inclined to the north. They were folded in the Carboniferous and Permian by the Variscan tectonic movements. The younger complex comprises various Permian-Lower Triassic deposits, inclined about 10° eastwards. They were deformed during the Paleogene by Alpine tectonic movements. Contact of both complexes, well exposed in the northern walls of the quarry, testifies Variscan orogenic movements, while the tectonic-erosion gap, separating them, comprises about 140 million years. Dolomites originated in the shelfal and lagoonal environments of the slowly deepening sea. Fossils typical for their Devonian environment may be found: stromatolites, amphipores, brachiopod shells and trace fossils. The unique surface with numerous structures interpreted as tetrapod trucks, the oldest in the world, is exposed in the southern wall of the quarry. Moreover, minerals occur in the north-eastern part of the quarry: calcite, hematite, dolomite, siderite, ankerite, quartz and barite. They originated in fissures cutting dolomites during the Variscan orogenic movements. The Permian and Triassic, red-brown deposits crop out in the northern walls of the quarry. They represent infilling of a narrow palaeo-valley/ravine, cut in the surface of Devonian dolomites. Their section is commenced with dolomite breccia and conglomerates that fill cavities in an uneven surface of ravine basement. These conglomerates represent a debris cover lain on its sides. The breccia and conglomerates laying further above, originated as abrupt debris flow deposits. In the upper parts of the section, they were intercalated and eventually entirely substituted with sandstones and mudstones being deposits of fine creeks. Periods of the flow extinction are documented with clays deposited in temporal ponds. Fine current structures, scarce flora remains and desiccation cracks may be distinguished in that part of the section. The oldest trace fossils of dinosaurs were found here. The thick-bedded grey sandstones distinguished in the uppermost part of section were deposited in alluvial channels of braided rivers. The unique values of the object are protected in a natural reserve formed in the eastern part of the quarry and in the narrow passage in the central part. The fragment of the wall in the passage with exposition of a tectonic-erosion unconformity is a natural monument. Authors intend to present the unique geological values of the quarry and to suggest how to improve the actual geotouristic infrastructure - location of several information boards with descriptions of geological phenomena and processes.
Access status: Open Access ,
Wstępna ocena macierzystości wybranych utworów paleozoiku Gór Świętokrzyskich
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2010) Malec, Jan; Więcław, Dariusz; Zbroja, Stanisława
The hydrocarbon potential of selected Paleozoic lithostratigraphic complexes of the Holy Cross Mountains was determined based on the results of Rock-Eval pyrolysis of 47 samples. For investigations only rocks in dark colours from Cambrian, Ordovician, Silurian, Carboniferous and Permian strata were selected. The Cambrian and Ordovician strata from the Łysogóry Region have poor source-rock parameters. Among the Silurian strata, the claystones of the Bardo Beds (ca. 3 wt. % TOC) are the richest in total organic carbon (TOC). The claystones of the Zaręby Formation (Carboniferous - Visean and Tournaisian) have mean TOC content ca. 2.8 wt. % and the Zechstein Limestone (Permian) ca. 1.6 wt. % TOC. In the Early Paleozoic strata marine kerogen (Type-II) is present. It dominates also in the Upper Paleozoic strata. Local inputs of the terrigenous Type-III kerogen were confirmed in the Zaręby Formation (Carboniferous). The Cambrian and Ordovician strata in the Łysogóry region are overmature. Maturity of the investigated Silurian, Carboniferous and Permian strata corresponds with the initial and middle phases of the »oil window«. The NW margin of the Holy Cross Mountains, where the Paleozoic complexes rich in the organic matter are covered by the Mesozoic complex, is perspective area for hydrocarbon exploration.
Access status: Open Access ,
Wstępne wyniki badań paleobotanicznych wiercenia Studzianna (trias-jura) z północnego obrzeżenia Gór Świętokrzyskich
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Barbacka, Maria; Feldman-Olszewska, Anna; Jarzynka, Agata; Krupnik, Joanna; Ociepa, Anna Maria; Wcisło-Luraniec, Elżbieta; Ziaja, Jadwiga
Studzianna well core (Triassic-Jurassic) from the Holy Cross Mts region were investigated. Fossil plants from the genus <i>Neocalamites</i> (Equisetales) were found mainly in the Triassic sediments. Fragments of Ginkgoales and Czekanowskiales and Coniferales were determined mainly from the Lower Jurassic. The Lower Jurassic microflora consists of sporomorphs from Bryophyta, Equisetales, Lycopodiales, Filicales from the family Cyatheaceae or Dicsoniaceae, Pteridospermophyta from Caytoniales, Ginkgoales or Cycadales or Bennettitales, Coniferales from the families Taxodiaceae, Pinaceae and Cheirolepidiaceae. Palynofacies have mainly terrestrial character and confirms earlier opinion (Karaszewski 1962, Pieńkowski 2004) of the prevailed terrestrial origin of the Lower Jurassic (Hettangian-Sinemurian) sediments from the Holy Cross Mts region.
Access status: Restricted ,
Złoża surowców mineralnych w Górach Świętokrzyskich
(Data obrony: 2017-01-30) Żur, Karolina
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
W pracy przedstawiono ogólną charakterystykę obszaru Gór Świętokrzyskich, uwzględniając litostratygrafię oraz tektonikę i dokonano opisu złóż surowców mineralnych występujących w tym regionie. Złoża surowców zostały scharakteryzowane pod względem budowy geologicznej oraz jego otoczenia, biorąc pod uwagę charakter mineralizacji kruszcowej. Ponadto, zaprezentowano genezę poszczególnych złóż, ich znaczenie gospodarcze, jak również historię eksploatacji. Z racji tego, iż złoża surowców metalicznych nie są już wydobywane na obszarze Gór Świętokrzyskich, zostały wyróżnione perspektywiczne miejsca i dalsze możliwości poszukiwań na tym terenie. Dokonano charakterystyki złóż surowców skalnych, aktualnie eksploatowanych, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zastosowania tych surowców w przemyśle oraz architekturze.