Browsing by Subject "adsorption"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9

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Analiza koncepcji bloku energetycznego o mocy 460 MW wyposażonego w instalację CCS
(Data obrony: 2015-07-20) Wal, Kamil
Wydział Energetyki i Paliw
Access status: Open Access ,
Lanthanum substitution enhances the intrinsic phosphate-adsorption capacity of hydrated ferric oxide via increasing Fe electron density
(2025) Xiaohui Wang; Xue Li; Yifei Teng; Junyu Lang; Lizhi Zhang; Mingce Long
Wydział Inżynierii Metali i Informatyki Przemysłowej
This study analysed the content of selected antimicrobials agents (AAs), microplastics (MP), hydroxyl derivatives of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OH-PAHs) in stabilized sewage sludge and fertilizers produced from them. Eighteen AAs were identified and quantified in both sewage sludge and fertilizer samples using the LC-MS/MS method. The highest concentrations, exceeding 3000 μg kg⁻¹ , were found for sulfasalazine, clindamycin, ketoconazole and its deacetylated form, azithromycin, and desmethylated azithromycin. While the fertilizer production process successfully reduced the number of AAs present, 20 compounds persisted, with five exceeding 1000 μg kg⁻¹ , posing potential environmental concerns. The FTIR method revealed an average MP content of 2429 ± 758 fractions in stabilized sewage sludge. Both black and colored microplastic fragments were detected, with an average of 1070 and 665 particles, respectively. These findings suggest that microplastic contamination remains an issue even after sewage sludge stabilization. GC-MS/MS analysis identified six OH-PAHs in sewage sludge and fertilizer samples. In stabilized sewage sludge, concentrations ranged from 53 μg kg⁻¹ (2-Hydroxyfluorene) to 587 μg kg⁻¹ (1-Hydroxynaphthalene), while in fertilizers, values ranged from 4.7 μg kg⁻¹ (2-Hydroxynaphthalene) to 31 μg pkg⁻¹ (1-HydroxyPyrene). The fertilizer production process effectively removed 46 % to 88 % of OH-PAHs, with 3-OH-BaP levels falling below detection limits. Despite the effectiveness of the fertilizer production process in reducing several contaminants (e.g., sulfamethoxazole, metronidazole, trimethoprim, pyrazinamide, sulfadiazine, delamanid, and piperacillin), certain pollutants, including clindamycin and ketoconazole, persisted. Additionally, the economic analysis of the annual profitability of processing sewage sludge into a fertilizer product was performed. The estimated costs and profits were taken into account. This analysis indicates that the total annual income from the operation of the installation will amount to USD 233,300. However, further research is needed to fully investigate and develop this method in reference to Circular Economy management.
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Metoda chromatografii cieczowej w badaniach środowiskowych
(Data obrony: 2018-01-29) Przebięda, Dominika
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
Celem pracy było omówienie podstaw teoretycznych chromatografii cieczowej jako jednej z metod chromatograficznych oraz jej znaczenia w analityce środowiskowej. W pracy przedstawiono teoretyczne podstawy chromatografii. Opisano budowę chromatografu oraz zasady, na jakich działa. Omówiono możliwe zastosowania chromatografii cieczowej w wielu dziedzinach nauki i przemysłu. Ważną częścią pracy jest również analiza wykonanych w jej trakcie rzeczywistych badań laboratoryjnych.
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Sorpcja związków $Cr$(VI) na organo-zeolitach
(Data obrony: 2013-09-11) Jeleń, Anna
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
Aqueous complexes of $Cr$(VI) have been the object of attentive investigation for quite some time, mainly due to their toxicity and mutagenecity. The current global strive to satisfy more stringent environmental standards in the field of wastewater treatment leads to the prospect of cost-effective methods with a broad spectrum of application. Several methods are utilized to remove $Cr$(VI) compounds from industrial wastewater, among which adsorption is by far the most versatile and widely used method. This study was aimed to evaluate the efficiency of organo-zeolites as the inexpensive sorbents to remove $Cr$(VI) from aqueous solution. A natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) and synthetic zeolite (Na-P1) obtained from fly ash after combustion of coal were treated with cationic surfactants: HDTMA-Br and ODTMA-Br in amount equal to 100% and 200% of their external cation exchange capacity (ECEC). Batch and column studies were conducted to evaluate the influence of pH and initial $Cr$(VI) concentration on the efficiency of removal of chromates. The mechanism of $Cr$(VI) removal by surfactant modified zeolites involved ion exchange and precipitation.
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Sorpcja związków wanadu na organo-zeolitach
(Data obrony: 2016-07-19) Nawrocka, Agata
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
W niniejszej pracy zbadano wielkość sorpcji anionów wanadu (V) na zeolicie naturalnym (klinoptilolicie) z kamieniołomu Nižný Hrabovec na Słowacji, modyfikowanym przy pomocy związków powierzchniowo czynnych. Celem pracy było określenie możliwości sorpcyjnych organo-zeolitów jako sorbentów związków wanadu. Wykonano charakterystykę fazową i chemiczną próbek modyfikowanych zeolitów przed i po sorpcji, zastosowano metody skaningowej mikroskopii elektronowej (SEM), dyfraktometrii rentgenowskiej (XRD), spektroskopii w podczerwieni (FTIR), fluorescencji rentgenowskiej (XRF), a także wykonano badania teksturalne próbek metodą adsorpcji par azotu (BET). Wielkość sorpcji i desorpcji przeanalizowano przy użyciu metody absorpcyjnej spektroskopii atomowej (AAS). Powierzchnia właściwa zeolitu naturalnego wyniosła 30,3 m2/g, dla zeolitu modyfikowanego 1.0 ECEC (zewnętrzna powierzchnia kationowymienna) 17,8 m2/g. Całkowita objętość porów i udział mezoporów w zeolicie po modyfikacji uległy niewielkiej zmianie, co świadczy o tym, że modyfikacja zaszła na jego powierzchni. Sorpcja wanadu zachodziła najefektywniej przy pH w okolicach 2, najlepsze właściwości sorpcyjne wykazał organo-zeolit 1.0 ECEC, najgorsze zeolit naturalny. Modyfikat 1.0 ECEC był bardziej efektywny, niż 2.0 ECEC zarówno w eksperymencie sorpcji, jak i desorpcji. Desorpcja wanadu nie była efektywna, zdesorbowano 25-30% wanadu. Badania dowiodły, że organiczna modyfikacja zeolitów pozwala na skuteczną sorpcję anionów wanadu, dzięki czemu organo-zeolity mogą być stosowane w ochronie środowiska jako jego sorbenty.
Access status: Open Access ,
Symulacja zjawisk zachodzących w barierach reaktywnych ograniczających wpływ odpadów pogórniczych na środowisko
(2007) Łączny, Marian Jacek; Iwaszenko, Sebastian; Słowikowski, Daniel; Huzarski, Marcin
Wastes, as a byproduct of coal mining and conditioning, could cause serious groundwater contamination danger when introduced to environment without appropriate protection. It is especially true in using such wastes for reclamation and leveling purposes. Contaminants release from deposits can be stopped or at least highly limited by use of permeable and semi-permeable reactive barriers. The possibilities of removal of As, B, Ba and Sr ions from infiltrating water were investigated. Diversity of chemical properties and interactions in water environment requires selective selection of barrier's construction materials and structure. Upon experimental data and results of mathematical modeling with PHREEQC and self developed code, a system of reactive barriers was designed, addressing each of mentioned elements.
Access status: Restricted ,
Synteza i właściwości sorpcyjne organo-zeolitów
(Data obrony: 2014-09-25) Kowalczyk, Renata Aneta
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
The aim of this work was to synthese an organo-zeolite sorbent by modification of the synthetic zeolite with four types of quaternary ammonium salts in an amount equal to 50%, 75% and 100% of the external cation exchange capacity (ECEC) of zeolite and to characterize the sorption efficiency of the ions of Cr (VI). Studies shown that using of quaternary ammonium salts for modifying the surface of zeolites has led to obtain of material with better sorption properties. It is not possible to produce an organo-zeolite with complete absorbed layer of surfactant on the surface of the mineral in the described conditions of the synthesis process. However it is confirmed, that any of the described layers of surfactant adsorbed on the zeolite surface has the ability to adsorb anionic forms of metals. The adsorption process of Cr(VI) on the organo-zeolite depends to a large extent on the initial concentration of chromium and the pH of the solution that determines the speciation of Cr(VI). The most effective sorption was observed at low pH. The mechanism of Cr(VI) removal by surfactant modified zeolites involved ion exchange and precipitation. According to the experiments, the best of the tested sorbent turned out to be an organo-modified zeolite C25H46ClN, while the worst surfactant was TDTMA.
Access status: Open Access ,
The influence of alkali concentration and temperature on chemical activation of halloysite
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2016) Maziarz, Paulina; Matusik, Jakub
The influence of alkali activation on clay minerals is not thoroughly investigated, particularly in terms of its impact on adsorption possibilities of clay minerals.
Access status: Open Access ,
Wpływ różnych odczynników flotacyjnych na prędkości pęcherzyków powietrza
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Małysa, Ewa; Iwańska, Anna
The paper presents results of studies on influence of the flotation reagents, used in the coal flotation, on rising velocity of the air bubbles. The bubble rising velocity was determined using a novel Simple Physicochemical Metod of Detection (SPMD) organic contaminations in water. The measurements were carried out for octanol, montanol, flotanol, centifroth and 1-hexsanol solutions of different concentrations. It was found that the rising velocities of the bubbles were decreasing with increasing concentration of the flotation reagents studied. The bubble velocity was lowered from the value of 35 cm/s in distilled water to ca. 16 cm/s at high concentrations of the reagents studied. However, the minimum concentration needed for this velocity diminishing of the rising bubbles is a specific feature of the reagents studied. Further increasing of the reagent concentration had no influence on the bubble rising velocity, what means that the bubble interface had been already immobilized.