Browsing by Subject "brown coal"

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Access status: Open Access ,
Alternatywne metody pozyskiwania energii z węgla brunatnego
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Iciek, Jan; Ziemiński, Krzysztof; Zawadzka, Alicja; Kowalska, Monika
The significant supplies of brown coal in Poland make possible search the solutions, which make possible the exploitation of deposits about small supplies or the layers of carbon of the young which characterize with low caloricitiy. The costs logging of energy in traditional way will rise because of burning the carbon grew up with attention on requirement. The methods of traditional exploitation of brown coal can also encounter on technological difficulties as well as the opposition of local communities. The underground gasification of brown coal can turn out with future technology in case using deposits about small volume. Received in result of process UCG - the syngas or the biogas being the product of biogasification, the balanced alternative fuels can make up.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analiza wyników produkcyjnych polskiej branży węgla brunatnego za lata 2008-2010 oraz przegląd obecnej sytuacji w górnictwie węgla brunatnego krajów Unii Europejskiej
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2011) Żuk, Stanisław
The topic of the paper is a presentation of the achievements of the brown coal mining branch in Poland based on the productive data of four brown coal mines active in the perspective of the quarters too III years 2008-2010. Description refers to the basic data in respect to operational resources in the active regions of the exploitation operation of the brown coal mines. In the further part a trial was undertaken to present the power engineering based on the brown coal in the background of the whole Polish electrical power engineering as well as a comparison of its stand with the current situation in the brown coal mining in EU and the role of the brown coal mining in the power engineering system of Europe was made.
Access status: Restricted ,
Analiza zmian zasobów węgla brunatnego w Polsce w latach 1999-2008
(Data obrony: 2012-05-10) Blajda, Marcin
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
Celem mojej pracy było zanalizowanie zmian zasobów bilansowych, pozabilansowych, przemysłowych oraz zmian wielkości wydobycia węgla brunatnego, które nastąpiły w latach 1999 – 2008. Po zestawieniu danych okazało się, że w analizowanym okresie nie było jakiś szczególnie dużych zmian zasobów. Zmiany (zmniejszanie się) zasobów bilansowych następowały głównie wskutek prowadzonych prac eksploatacyjnych.
Access status: Restricted ,
Analiza zmienności zawartości całkowitej siarki w wybranych złożach rejonu Turka
(Data obrony: 2016-10-17) Mańkowski, Wiktor
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki analizy zmienności zawartości siarki w złożach węgla brunatnego Adamów oraz Koźmin. Wyniki badań podzielono na 4 etapy: analizę danych otworowych, analizę statystyczną, korelacji i regresji oraz geostatystyczną. Stwierdzono zbliżony charakter zmienności w obu złożach. Charakteryzują się względnie niską zawartością siarki oraz niewielkimi wahaniami jej wartości. Nie wykazano korelacji między zawartością siarki i kalorycznością oraz popielnością węgla. Analiza semiwariogramów potwierdziła również losowy charakter zmienności parametru. Ponadto, sporządzono semiwariogramy kierunkowe, z których wynika, że zarówno złoże Adamów jak i Koźmin charakteryzują się niewielką zmiennością kierunkową. Oceniono także zasadność stosowania metody krigingu w przypadku występowania wyraźnej zmienności losowej.
Access status: Open Access ,
Dziesięć postulatów branży węgla brunatnego w Polsce na tle aktualnych uwarunkowań
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Kasztelewicz, Zbigniew; Ptak, Miranda
The article introduces 10 most important postulates that can emerge during analysis of brown coal industry's position in Poland. The postulates concern different thematic layers. Particularly they refer to law regulations that should be - according to the authors - simplified. Furthermore, among the brought up postulates are the matters of deposit ownership and the status of brown coal as strategic mineral. The article is not lacking in difficult, disputable questions for which answers should be searched for in the currently developed energetic policy of the state and the conception of land use planning in Poland. Arrangements contained in these documents will determine the position and condition of brown coal industry in the following decades. So, according to the authors, it is even more crucial to take care of implementation of the »10 commandments« that serve the energetic safety based on Polish brown coal.
Access status: Open Access ,
Energetyczna perspektywa węgla brunatnego w kontekście Europejskiego Systemu Handlu Emisjami (ETS)
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2011) Czopek, Kazimierz; Trzaskuś-Żak, Beata
At the moment the production of electricity from lignite is economically very effective. At the same time ecological requirements, especially the European Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), impose a need to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, which in the case of using brown coal is an important problem. In the Polish conditions cannot be considered perspective variant of reduction of $CO_{2}$ emissions by eliminating basic fuel, such as hard coal and lignite. There are therefore taken into account two realistic possibilities; using CCS system, which is costly and has not be proven in practice or purchasing emission limits for $CO_{2}$ (the EU ETS system). From the forward-looking point of view in the article, it has been considered the second need. It is also taking in to account at the same time, that the Polish energy security requires planning the exploitation of new lignite deposits. In view of the long investment cycle of mine and power plants construction, electricity production from the new deposits will be possible after the year 2020, after which the EU ETS assumes total liquidation of the freeware limits emissions of $CO_{2}$ and functioning of a free market of those $CO_{2}$ limits. This article analyses the situation of two selected lignite deposits, for which the profitability criterion is the cost of production 1 MWh from these deposits. In the analysis was taken into account the main factors affecting the cost of production energy, such as: the exploitation and sale cost for the power plants, expressed in PLN/Mg and PLN/GJ; the cost structure of production of electricity, including the participation volume in these costs of burned coal; efficiency of energetic blocks, because it depends on how large the level of coal consumption will be to produce energy, i.e. GJ/MWh; quality of the fuel, mainly include caloricity of lignite and its chemical composition; the cost $CO_{2}$ emissions, which not only will depend on price limits on the market, but also on the mentioned quality of lignite and blocks efficiency. The analysis showed that for the analyzed lignite deposits, the production of electricity will be economically attractive due to much more efficiency of energetic blocks and with a smaller lignite consumption and also less $CO_{2}$ emission.
Access status: Open Access ,
Kosztowa ocena opłacalności eksploatacji węgla brunatnego ze złoża »Legnica Zachód«
(2007) Czopek, Kazimierz
Profitability of exploitation of brown coal from the Legnica-Zachód bed as well as the profit ratio on the level of sale have been presented. For that purpose operation type costs have been used thus comparing their structure and value in the open mines. Their analysis helped to predict the exploitation costs in the Legnica Zachód mine taking into account, at the same time, the results of the brown coal mines in Germany. The cost-price analysis of profitability of cooperation of the mine and electric power plant and electric power plants on the energy free market has been made.
Access status: Open Access ,
Microwave beneficiation of brown coal
(2007) Zimmermann, Erik; Niemann-Delius, Christian
Coals of the Rhenish lignite mines, designated for power plant utilization, were exposed to microwave radiation energy for different time periods and energy levels, varying from 2,5 kW up to 10 kW, in order to dry the coal. The samples were treated with microwave radiation with a frequency of 2,45 GHz. A batch- as well as a continuous drying simulation and a verification with pre- dried samples (70 degrees of Celsius for 24 h), were conducted on a pilot scale level industrial microwave oven. To prove the general viability of microwave radiation as a beneficial process for brown coal, basic coal properties such as moisture content, volatile matter and gross calorific value were analyzed. Results show, that nearly no decomposition of the coal takes place, the moisture content can be reduced to a suitable level for pulverized coal firing power plants, the gross calorific value increases and double energy input leads to halved drying times. Furthermore the temperature of the brown coal did not exceed 90 degrees of Celsius during exposure to microwaves at ambient temperature and normal atmospheric pressure. The drying of the coal with microwave radiation showed in a first approach no negative side effects of the coal properties.
Access status: Open Access ,
Przenośniki węglowe o regulowanej prędkości taśmy. Aspekty techniczne i ekonomiczne
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Szymański, Jerzy
Nowadays surface lignite mobile conveyor belts used about 10% of total mine electrical energy. About 50% of these energy consumption is possible to save by usage a new techniques in solution of conveyor belts electrical drive. The most important feature is belt speed regulation of coal conveyors. A mass transportation is always a very costly and these processes must particularly be inspected to reduction energy consumption. As annual lignite production in Poland is about 62 mln ton it is important climatic feature too. World wide companies offers of low voltage frequency converters with power up 1MW, which have a good price and reliability. These frequency converters need to be commonly used to build drives of coal conveyors with speed belt regulation.
Access status: Open Access ,
Przyczynek do badań lokalnej, poziomej zmienności głównych parametrów jakości węgla brunatnego w centralnej części złoża Bełchatów. Analizy statystyczne
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2007) Bartuś, Tomasz
The Bełchatów lignite deposit is located in the central part of Poland, in the tectonic Kleszczów graben. The theme of researches has been statistical analysis of local, horizontal variability selected depositional parameters from small area (8x8 m), located in the central part of the Bełchatów area. In the investigations was used statistical methods like descriptive statistics, distribution analysis, correlation and regression analysis. Results of the descriptive statistics of the main lignite qualitative parameters beyond little lower capacity of the total sulfur content parameter are contained in to limits which are published by the Bełchatów mine. The researches shows the statistical significance local, horizontal variability of ash and sulfur contents. Simple and multiple linear correlation and regression analysis acknowledge known from literature relations between moisture, ash content and calorific value.
Access status: Open Access ,
Rekultywacja w polskim górnictwie odkrywkowym węgla brunatnego
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2010) Kasztelewicz, Zbigniew; Sypniowski, Szymon
The article presents the reclamation of post-mining terrains in particular Polish lignite mines. Reclamation as a terrain's value restoration process should be widely promoted as pro-environmental and prosocial activity of the mines.
Access status: Open Access ,
Serbołużyczanie - naród w trosce o przetrwanie
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2011) Jonda, Bernadette
The following article deals with the current situation of the Sorbs – a Slavic ethnic group leaving in Lusatia, which is a region belonging to former East Germany. The development of this ethnic group – starting from the end of the 19th century and considering both Nazi times and former East Germany situation – will be shown. The article discusses on the one hand the attempts to maintain the Sorbian language, among others due to the activities of the Language Centre WITAJ, and on the other hand it stresses the consequences of the brown coal mining in the region of Lusatia. In addition, the attitude of German natives towards the Sorbs is analysed. On basis of the own research conducted by the author in the year 2010 near the Sorbian town Slepo (ger. Schleife), dilemmas of the local people, who feel dependent on energy concern Vattenfall, are shown. Although the concern guarantees work places, it also jeopardizes the existence of local people’s houses and the cultivation of the Sorbian tradition. The coal mines destroy the natural and social environment. More and more villages are demolished and social networks are being broken by people’s displacements. The current situation makes the Sorbs even more cautious about their own culture and motivates them to fight for their cultural survival.
Access status: Open Access ,
Stan obecny i strategia rozwoju branży węgla brunatnego w I połowie XXI wieku w Polsce
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Kasztelewicz, Zbigniew; Kaczorowski, Jacek; Mazurek, Sławomir; Orlikowski, Dariusz; Żuk, Stanisław
The article introduces the present state of brown coal mines, including fundamental production parameters from the beginnings of operation till year 2008. The main part of the article are assumptions concerning individual mines about sustaining and developing production capacity both in existing and perspective basins. There are also possible quantities of coal output, quantities of power and production of electric energy in active and new power plants as well as chemical processing of brown coal to liquid and gas fuels shown in the paper.
Access status: Open Access ,
Strategie i scenariusze perspektywicznego rozwoju produkcji energii elektrycznej z węgla brunatnego w świetle występujących uwarunkowań
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2010) Bednarczyk, Jerzy; Nowak, Anna
Solutions accepted in world scenarios of energy development until 2030 have been presented in the paper and compared with the principles of »The Polish Energy Policy until 2030«. Indicators characterizing production of electric energy from coal in Poland in 2005-2009 and resulting synthetic relationships have been given. Strategic brown coal reserves in Legnica and Gubin region have been discussed and their main parameters have been compared. Development of coal processing technology and electric energy production has been indicated.
Access status: Restricted ,
Wiarygodność oceny parametrów złożowych i zasobów złoża w różnych etapach jego rozpoznania na przykładzie fragmentu złoża węgla brunatnego Gubin
(Data obrony: 2013-12-18) Pruś, Ilona
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
The main objective of the study was to examine the evaluation of reliability seam thickness, ash content, calorific value and total sulfur content in three stages of deposit recognition on the basis of Gubin brown coal deposit. The boundaries of the deposit and erosion channels were determined on the basis of indicatory type of minimum curvature method. Ordinary kriging method was used to estimation of the resources parameters value in different stages of exploration of the deposit. Relative estimation errors of calorific value, ash content, and seam thickness determined on the basis of differences between estimated values in various stages of recognition of deposit in more than half of the deposit area are in the range of-10 to + 10%. Estimation errors in other area exceed a value of 10% and for ash content up to +-50% and in the case of thickness to about 70%. The least accurate characterized the total sulfur content estimation with errors reaching up to a value of -50 to 100%. Area estimation error based on boreholes outlying about 800 and next about 600m decreases the error of 15 to 8% and for resources from 11 to 7%.
Access status: Restricted ,
Wpływ działalności KWB Bełchatów na środowisko
(Data obrony: 2013-09-12) Pawłowska, Grażyna
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
On the basis of accessible literature, geological documentation and own observations documented by numerous photographs, an influence of Brown Coal Mine ‘Belchatow’ on natural environment was evaluated. This influence is strictly connected with parameters of deposit covering which determine the way of exploiting brown coal in the mine in Belchatow. This thesis, in an objective way, on the example of Brown Coal Mine ‘Belchatow’ presents an influence of a large-scale exploitation of natural resources on the following natural environment spheres: hydrosphere, pedosphere, biosphere and atmosphere. This analysis also considers an influence of conducted exploitation on social sphere. Although, natural environment is significantly affected by Brown Coal Mine in Belchatow, the mine has adopted an effective policy which aims to minimize its negative effects.
Access status: Open Access ,
Wybrane problemy produkcji i wykorzystania węgla brunatnego
(2007) Gawlik, Lidia; Grudziński, Zbigniew; Lorenz, Urszula
Brown coal and hard coal are two main fuels used from electricity production in Poland. Brown coal is produced in four regions: Adamów, Bełchatów, Konin and Turów. In last few years the coal production stabilized at the level of about 61 M tons. To keep the present production level after 2020 it is necessary to build coal mine for exploitation of the most attractive undeveloped deposit »Legnica«. In Poland brown coal is mainly used for electricity production. The prices of the electricity is presented in the paper. Also some data on emissions connected with electricity production from brown coal are given.
Access status: Open Access ,
Występowanie metanu w złożu węgla brunatnego KWB „Bełchatów” S.A.
(2005) Macuda, Jan; Zawisza, Ludwik
Gases in coal-bearing strata are accumulated both in the coal structure and in the pores of the accompanying rocks. They may take the form of free gases present in the fractures and porous spaces, or may be adsorbed in coal. Free gases make up ca. 1 to 5% of volume of all gases accumulated in the exploited coal seams. The authors present results of many years' analyses of methane concentration within the opencast KWB Bełchatów S.A. accounting for the geological conditions and advancement of mining works. Methane emission to the atmosphere greatly depends on dewatering of the field and the magnitude of the mined overburden and advancement. Dewatering of the rock mass preconditions methane migration through a system of fractures, pores with developed hydraulic contacts and fault zones. Another important factor responsible for increased methane emission is relaxation of the deposit strata while removing the overburden. This has been shown on the maps of changes methane concentration in the opencast area.