Browsing by Subject "fast pyrolysis"

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Access status: Open Access ,
Effect of pretreatment biomass by gas from polyvinyl chloride dehydrochlorination process on maize cob pyrolysis with integrated CO2 capture
(2025) Jerzak, Wojciech; Kalemba-Rec, Izabela; Magdziarz, Aneta
Wydział Inżynierii Metali i Informatyki Przemysłowej
This study investigates the effects of pretreatment of maize cob with hydrogen chloride gas obtained from polyvinyl chloride dehydrochlorination on pyrolysis yields and integrated CO₂ capture. The dehydrochlorination process was conducted at 320 °C, while the pyrolysis of the pretreated biomass was performed at 500 °C. Pretreatment significantly altered composition of biomass, reducing hemicellulose from 34.3 % to 3.7 %, increasing fixed carbon from 15.8 % to 20.3 %, and increasing the chlorine content from 0.27 % to 1.48 %. These changes influenced on the thermal decomposition characteristics of maize cob. During fast pyrolysis, the bio–oil yield increased by 17 %, from 32.9 % to 38.4 %, while gas production decreased from 38.7 % to 30.3 %, indicating a shift towards liquid biofuel production. Integration of calcium hydroxide in the pyrolysis reactor reduced CO₂ emissions by 87 %, from 56.5 % to 7.5 %, and captured chlorine from the pyrolysis gases, minimising harmful residues. Additionally, the use of calcium hydroxide facilitated the generation of hydrogen, increasing its content to 44.7 % in the gas phase. The bio–oil produced contained 0.8 % chlorine, demonstrating the effectiveness of in–situ chlorine capture. This approach, utilising hydrogen chloride derived from polyvinyl chloride waste, not only reduces environmental impact but also enhances the efficiency and sustainability of bio–oil production.
Access status: Open Access ,
Fast pyrolysis of agricultural biomass in drop tube reactor for bio-oil production: Numerical calculations
(2023) Bieniek, Artur; Sieradzka, Małgorzata; Jerzak, Wojciech; Magdziarz, Aneta
Wydział Inżynierii Metali i Informatyki Przemysłowej
Fast biomass pyrolysis is an effective method for bio-oil production and can be performed in fluidised beds, augers, and drop-tube reactors. In this study, the fast pyrolysis of agricultural biomass (oat and corn straw) in a drop-tube reactor was investigated by applying multiparameter analysis involving numerical calculations. The main motivation for this analysis was to determine the operating parameters for fast pyrolysis under which the highest bio-oil production was achieved. In this study, the following operating parameters were involved: pyrolysis temperature (500 – 700 ◦C), volume flow rate of the carrier gas (3 – 5 l/min), mass flow rate of the feedstock (10 – 30 g/h), and diameter of the particle (250 – 750 μm). The analysis was performed using numerical methods with the Euler-Lagrange multiphase theory in a 2D axisymmetric model. According to the numerical results, selection of a particle size of 500 μm, pyrolysis temperature of 500 ◦C, and nitrogen flow rate of 3 l/min allows obtaining 51.16% and 52.09% of bio-oil for oat straw and corn straw pyrolysis, respectively. The biomass mass load did not influence the final product yield. The numerical results were successfully confirmed by experimental investigations where experiments supplied 53.2% and 51.3% of bio-oil to oat straw and corn straw, respectively.
Access status: Open Access ,
The application of a drop-tube reactor for fast pyrolysis of agricultural biomass: an effective way to valuable products
(2024) Bieniek, Artur; Sieradzka, Małgorzata; Wądrzyk, Mariusz; Jerzak, Wojciech; Magdziarz, Aneta
Wydział Inżynierii Metali i Informatyki Przemysłowej
This paper presents experimental investigations of the fast pyrolysis of three agricultural biomass feedstocks in a drop-tube reactor (DTR) focusing on the production of bio-oil. Studying oat straw, corn straw, and rape straw allowed to optimize the use of diverse agricultural waste streams. The application of DTR with specially designed geometry and sample feeder gave information about pyrolysis conditions that can be helpful in the design of industrial-scale pyrolysis. The physical and chemical properties of feedstocks and received products using advanced instrumental techniques were determined. The yields of bio-oil were the highest during fast pyrolysis of studied biomass and were as follows: 53.2%, 51.28% and 49.11% for oat straw, corn straw and rape straw, respectively. The bio-oils were composed mainly of oxygen-containing compounds, with a dominant share of acids and phenols. It means that obtained bio-oils require upgrading their properties such as energy density and storage stability. The bio-chars were characterised by a high-energy density containing 60-70 wt.% carbon content giving carbon materials with a wide range of possible applications such as energy storage, absorbents and catalysts. The received pyrolytic gas was mostly composed of CO and CO2, and around 10% of hydrogen proving that it is possible to obtain pyrolysis-derived syngas as a source of energy. This research demonstrates the potential of using DTR for fast pyrolysis of agriculture residues aligning with the circular economy concept and contributing valuable knowledge for industrial applications.