Browsing by Subject "geophysics"

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Access status: Open Access ,
Analiza efektywności tomografii amplitudowej opartej na zmianach częstotliwości centroidalnej widma sygnału w pomiarach międzyotworowych - studium modelowe
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2008) Kasina, Zbigniew
In the presented paper the results of the analysis of the influence of seismogeological model parameters as well as inversion parameters on the effectiveness of attenuation variations imaging by means of amplitude tomography based on the variations of centroidal frequency of signal spectrum in the seismic well to well measurements have been described. In the considerations the homogeneous models with the zones of higher and lower values of velocity and attenuation as well as gradient media were taken into consideration. In the analysis of the effectiveness the centroidal frequencies of the signals observed in the receiver points and traveltimes generated for assumed models were used. The main attention was paid to the effect of starting velocity field on the results of tomographic inversion.
Access status: Restricted ,
Analiza możliwości zastosowania badań zmienno-offsetowych w metodzie georadarowej
(Data obrony: 2011-10-12) Dymacz, Maria
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
The thesis is an analysis of GPR floating-offset survey, which means studying at various space between transmitting and receiving antenna. Thanks to numerous types of conducted works, deriving from the same place- on waves screen appear various information. Depending on destination of surveys, aerials should be placed at the distance that gives the best results for study. GPR survey carried out in Kokotow and Babie Doly had to be an assistance for conducted archaeological researches, connected with searching for life traces of people in the past. After examining all results, it turned out that optimum aerials setup is the one that keeps the shortest distance between them, i.e. 0,5 m. This guarantees the best illustrations of anomalies of the searched objects in the cultural layer and the best resolution of objects on the echogram.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analiza wpływu parametrów modelu sejsmogeologicznego i parametrów sygnału na zmiany częstotliwości centroidalnych jego widma w pomiarach międzyotworowych - studium modelowe
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2008) Kasina, Zbigniew
In the presented paper the results of the analysis of the influence of seismogeological model and source signal parameters on the variations of centroidal frequencies of its spectrum in the seismic well to well measurements have been described. In the analysis the homogeneous models with the zones of higher and lower values of velocity and attenuation as well as gradient models and different source signal parameters (dominant signal frequency, signal type) were taken into consideration In the analysis of centroidal frequencies of the signals in the receiver points the model data (traveltimes and centroidal frequencies of signal spectrum) were used These data were generated by means of elaborated by author computer programs appriopriated for a solution of the direct problems of taveltime and amplitude tomography.
Access status: Restricted ,
Aplikacja internetowa do wizualizacji danych na tle dynamicznej mapy
(Data obrony: 2012-07-27) Kawałko, Arkadiusz
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
This work presents assumptions and implementation of the web application that allows creation of interactive maps displaying geological and geophysical, and also environmental protection data. The web application is based on Google Maps API that provides websites with Google maps. Such designed application may be applied in teaching and, as well as, in industry as a supplement to data presentation.
Access status: Restricted ,
Badania elektrooporowe dla potrzeb archeologicznych na terenie kompleksu dworsko-parkowego w Nowej Hucie Branicach
(Data obrony: 2012-09-26) Figa, Magdalena
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
The increasing popularity of geophysical methods for archaeological prospection stems from their non-invasiveness, and relatively low cost of research. This paper presents the results of using Geoelectrical methods, such as: Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and penetration resistance profiling for the archaeological site in Branice (Poland). For the purpose of this research fives ERT profile were carried out and eighteen penetration resistance profiling positions to the depth of 1.5 m were studied. Additionally, the issue of ERT method resolution for selected models of archaeological objects was discussed.
Access status: Restricted ,
Badania georadarowe kościoła Św. Mikołaja w Białym Kościele
(Data obrony: 2018-07-12) Jagieła, Adrian
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
Metoda georadarowa (GPR), wchodząca w skład geofizyki inżynierskiej, skutecznie wykorzystywana jest do badań archeologicznych. Spowodowane jest to jej łatwością w użyciu, wysoką rozdzielczością oraz nieinwazyjnością. Badania georadarowe zawarte w niniejszej pracy miały na celu zlokalizować obiekty archeologiczne na terenie kościoła św. Mikołaja w Białym Kościele. Pomiary georadarowe składały się z dwóch części: wewnątrz kościoła oraz na zewnątrz. Uzyskane wyniki badań zostały przetworzone, a następnie poddane interpretacji. Na podstawie interpretacji wyznaczone zostały miejsca, w których mogą znajdować się obiekty archeologiczne. W celu potwierdzenia skuteczności metody należy przeprowadzić badania szczegółowe w przypadku badań zewnętrznych lub odwiertów w przypadku badań wewnętrznych.
Access status: Open Access ,
Badania mikrograwimetryczne nad płytko leżącymi starymi sztolniami wydrążonymi w piaskowcu
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Porzucek, Sławomir
Shallow underground exploitation of mineral and rock resources has left behind shallow-seated workings that often are made accessible to tourists. Therefore the crucial matter is to determine the stability of the underground workings. Geomechanics research and modeling are applied to solving the problem. This paper presents the use of the microgravity method to recognize density distribution in the rockmass overlying old mining workings. Results of investigations made over three adits drifted in the Istebna sandstones. Rock slackness zones were discovered over two galleries. As a result of the gravity modeling, the size of the zones and bulk density decrease were obtained. The results should help in construction of right geomechanics model as well as qualitative evaluation of the condition of workings.
Access status: Open Access ,
Evolution of the mental picture of shale reservoir completion - 3rd Shale Science Conference (Warsaw, 9–10 June 2014). Note
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Liana, Bartłomiej; Hadro, Piotr
The 3$^{rd}$ edition of ShaleScience conference held on 9-10 June 2014 in Warsaw, Poland, was a very successful event. It was organized by Orlen Upstream and partner Institutions - EGI, AGH and INIG - under the Honorary Patronage of the Polish Ministry of Environment. The conference brought together world-class specialists in fields of geology, geophysics, geomechanics, drilling, reservoir completion and environmental protection. They all contributed greatly to a better understanding of the Polish shale reservoirs of moderate quality.
Access status: Open Access ,
Geofizyka w inżynierii i ochronie środowiska
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Zuberek, Wacław M.
The main goals of geophysics have been considered in following areas: - prediction and prevention of natural catastrophes and mitigation of their impact, - detection, location and monitoring of contaminated areas and goals related to their reclamation, - goals related to the safety of large and important structures and constructions, - goals related to safe deposition, storage and monitoring of dangerous wastes and toxic materials, - application of geophysical methods and observations to obtain »clean« and renewable energy, - detection, location and dating of archeological materials and monuments of cultural heritage. Due to the great importance of prediction in environmental engineering and protection, its possibilities and limitations have been considered separately.
Access status: Open Access ,
Geological-geophysical deep model along the Transcarpathian seismic geotraverse Dobromyl-Krakovets
(2008) Moroshan, Roman; Zayats, Khrystyna
According to reinterpretation results of seismic data together with gravimetry and electrometry in direction of Dobromyl-Krakovets geotraverse, a model of geological cross-section was built, which is studied from the position of oil and - gas bearing prospects.
Access status: Open Access ,
Graph representation of geological stratum
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2016) Lisowski, Przemysław
Geology, geophysics and environmental protection sciences provide large amounts of data. These data can be stored in various structures.
Access status: Open Access ,
Grawimetryczne odwzorowanie geomechanicznego modelu stref rozluźnień w otoczeniu starego wyrobiska
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2008) Porzucek, Sławomir; Cała, Marek; Madej, Janusz
Continuous as well as more dangerous discontinuous land surface deformations are one of hazards in post-mining areas. They result from collapsing underground workings, both recorded in mining maps and unrecorded. The position of unknown workings can be determined using the microgravity method, particularly applicable in built-up urban regions with dense infrastructure. The method is also useful in localization of deeper-laying hollows, measuring directly not only their gravity effects but also the effects of loosened zones within the rockmass above such hollows. The authors carried out modelling that combines geomechanical models and gravity models. The theory of geomechanics can determine the range and the dimensions of loosened zones overlaying underground workings. Due to gravity models it is possible to describe the shape of anomalies disturbed by the loosened zones and predict the conditions, in which they can be identified. Identifying zones with lowered density within the rockmass provides important practical guidelines as they help select proper position of boreholes used to inject backfill into old workings.
Access status: Open Access ,
Modelowanie grawimetryczne stref rozluźnień rozwijających się nad pustką w skałach metamorficznych
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Madej, Janusz; Łój, Monika; Porzucek, Sławomir
This paper presents the possibility of use of the microgravity method to recognize loosing zone over the hole hollowed in metamorphic rocks. Against a background of development of microgravity method there are presented an description of research method. This method consist in interpretation of microgravity observation over the well- known hole The interpretation is conducted by gravity modelling. Achieving results proved the diversity view of density changes over this hole.
Access status: Open Access ,
Modelowanie trajektorii promieni i czasów przebiegu fal odbitych PP, SS i PS dla dyskretnego ośrodka poprzecznie izotropowego z nachyloną osią symetrii
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Kasina, Zbigniew
In the presented paper the basic assumptions of the algorithm and program of seismic ray trajectories and travel times modelling are described for the case of reflected PP, SS and PS waves in the discrete anisotropic (transversely isotropic) medium with tilted symmetry axis. The ray trajectories and travel times in the discrete horizontally layered medium (VTI) and in the monoclinally dipping layers are defined by means of the numerical solution of the partial equations set resulting from the Fermat principle. The values of the velocities and Thomsen anisotropy parameters are defined in the nodes of the assumed, two dimensional grid. The comparison of the reflection waves hodographs was accomplished for selected isotropic and anisotropic models in the case of CDP gathers.
Access status: Open Access ,
Modelowanie wpływu wybranych parametrów sprężystych ośrodka oraz metodyki obserwacji na zmiany cech dynamicznych oraz kinematycznych odbić czerwonego spągowca
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2011) Kasina, Zbigniew
The main purpose of the study was to define the influence of the elastic parameters of the geological medium (velocities, medium anisotropy, medium attenuation), aquisition parameters (long offsets, seismic signal parameters) and selected processing procedures (stacking velocity estimation and defining the kinematic corrections) on reflections from the Rotliegendes boundaries within Golce- 1 well region. In order to solve the formulated task a program for numerical modeling of the seismic ray trajectories in the anisotropic medium (VTI) with attenuation was developed by the author. The seismogeological models were based on data from the scientific publications as well as available data taken from well measurements, which comprised of sonic logs and check shots. The results of the analysis confirmed that both the velocity anisotropy and long spreads had no significant effect on stacking velocity errors and kinematic corrections estimation. The results also confirmed a strong attenuation effect of the medium on variations of the spectra of Rotliegendes reflections.
Access status: Open Access ,
New type of oil and gas traps connected with gravitational dislocations of Sarmatian deposits in Bil'che-Volyts'ka zone of Precarpathian Deep of Ukraine
(2008) Hrab, Oleh; Kalnynia, El'vira; Matsuliak, Oleksandra; Lazaruk, Âroslav
In many oil and gas bearing basins all over the world, such as Holf Cost, Burgos, Sun Jardge, Nigerian and others, arched without roots gravitational sliding faults were formed. They were formed in sandy-clay layers with very fast sedimentation process in the areas with significant gradients of deposit layers and formation slopes. Structural noses or narrow asymmetrical anticlines are formed as a result of deformation of formations during blocks sliding over the curvilinear fault surfaces. Gravitational faults are directed at the increase of deposit layers and stretch along areas of differential movements of tectonic substratum. According to the results of geological-geophysical investigations such dislocations are forecasted in Sarmathian deposits in the area of Horodots'k regional fracture. Probably, those gas-beds of Horodots'k field are connected with tectonically screened traps of gravitational dislocations. Carbohydrate traps of the same kind are forecast also along other regional fractures: Sudovo-Byshnians'kyi and Krakovets'kyi. They can extend to Poland.
Access status: Open Access ,
The analysis of the effectiveness of the seismic noise attenuation by means of Karhunen-Loeve (K-L) transform
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2010) Kasina, Zbigniew
In the paper the analysis of the effectiveness of multiples and random noise attenuation using Karhunen-Loeve (K-L) transform is presented. The K-L transform is realized with application the process Eigenimage Filter in seismic data processing system ProMAX. The basic part of the paper is directed to the analysis of multiples attenuation by means of the K-L transform applied to field data. In the analysis the common shot point gathers (seismic records) were used as well as the traces of the CDP gathers. In the case of CDP gathers the main attention was paid on the multiple attenuation in the averaged CDP gathers (supergathers) prepared for the interactive velocity analysis. The influence of the K-L filter parameters was defined on the effectiveness of multiples removing from the velocity analysis wave images. Finally the effectiveness of the K-L filter was estimated in improving the coherent to random signals ratio on the seismic records.
Access status: Open Access ,
The geomorphology of the Makran Trench in the context of the geological and geophysical settings of the Arabian Sea
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2020) Lemenkova, Polina
The study focuses on the Makran Trench in the Arabian Sea basin, in the north Indian Ocean. The area is tectonically active, with a system of ridges and fracture zones morphologically separating the Arabian Sea. The study examined the relationships between the topographic structure of the Makran Trench and the regional settings of the Arabian Sea: geomorphology, sediment thickness, geophysical fields, geology and tectonic lineaments. The methodology is based on the GMT scripting toolset. The spatial analysis includes high-resolution datasets GEBCO, EGM2008, GlobSed and data on tectonics, geology, geophysics, sediment thickness and topographic terrain model visualized by GMT. The paper also defined a way in which the proprietary ESRI data format can be transformed into the freely available GMT geospatial data of the geoid EGM2008 model. The geomorphological modeling included the automatic digitization of 300-km width cross-section profiles of the trench demonstrating its submarine relief. The analysis showed a correlation between the geological and tectonic structures, asymmetric geomorphology and geophysical anomaly fields. Gravity data indicate a crustal structure with anomalies generated by the bending of the lithosphere into the Makran subduction zone and density variations in the mantle reflected on the gravity maps. The gravity correlates with lineaments of the geomorphic structures. Bathymetric analysis revealed the most frequent depth (448 samples) at −3,250 to −3,500 m, followed by intervals: −3,000 to −3,250 m, −2,750 to −3,000 m. The declining continental slope correlates with gradually decreasing depths as equally distributed bins: 124 samples (−2,500 to −2,750 m), 96 (−2,250 to −2,500 m), 86 (−2,000 to −2,250 m). The trench is an asymmetric form with a high steepness on the continental slope of Pakistan and low steepness with a flat valley on the oceanward side. The multi-source data integration is important for seafloor mapping and the geomorphological analysis of oceanic trenches hidden to direct observations. The machine learning methods of GMT and cartographic modeling provide possibilities for the effective visualization of the trench. The comparison of the geomorphology with gravity anomalies, tectonic lineation, geological structures and topographical variations provides more detail to studies of the seafloor in the Arabian Sea.
Access status: Restricted ,
Zastosowanie pomiarów VSP w interpretacji geologicznej warstw z gazem niekonwencjonalnym
(Data obrony: 2018-09-28) Drapała, Tomasz
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
Celem pracy magisterskiej było przeprowadzenie analizy wyników pomiaru pionowego profilowania sejsmicznego VSP oraz weryfikacja efektywności zastosowanego zestawu pomiarowego o ponadprzeciętnej długości. Omawiany eksperyment przeprowadzony został w pionowym otworze wiertniczym zlokalizowanym w południowo-wschodniej części syneklizy perybałtyckiej. W pracy przedstawiono analizę danych pomiarowych dla wyznaczenia rozkładu prędkości średnich, przebiegu zmian amplitud fali sejsmicznej oraz analizy widma częstotliwościowego. Zarejestrowane dane polowe okazują się być dobrej jakości, a ich analiza umożliwia wyciągnięcie wstępnych wniosków. Do wykonania kompletnej interpretacji danych VSP konieczne jest przeprowadzenie dalszego przetwarzania sejsmicznego.
Access status: Restricted ,
Zastosowanie sieci neuronowych do budowy modeli regresyjnych i klasyfikacji skał
(Data obrony: 2017-09-29) Łuszczek, Sebastian
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
Przeprowadzono modelowanie krzywej czasu interwałowego DT przy pomocy metod sztucznej inteligencji, na podstawie innych krzywych pomiarowych z tego samego otworu oraz wyników profilowań geofizyki otworowej z dwóch innych otworów. Wnioski i informacje zdobyte w modelowaniu wykonanym na danych z otworów o znanym DT zostały wykorzystane do konstrukcji modelu dla otworu, w którym DT nie zostało pomierzone. Optymalną krzywą DT otrzymano upraszczając model poprzez zmniejszenie liczby zmiennych wejściowych. Jako kryterium wyboru najlepszej krzywej uznano korelację z rzeczywistymi krzywymi pomierzonymi w innych otworach oraz wartością czasu interwałowego DPEQ obliczoną w aplikacji interpretacyjnej. Dokonano próby podziału utworów w otworach na grupy przy pomocy metod klasyfikacyjnych Kohonena. Poprzez zmianę liczby skupień, do których sieć ma przyporządkowywać przypadki wybrano optymalny model. Grupowanie przypadków sieciami Kohonena odpowiada w przybliżeniu podziałowi litostratygraficznemu w otworach.