Browsing by Subject "gleby polarne"

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Badania form związania żelaza i wybranych pierwiastków śladowych w glebach polarnych metodą wielostopniowej ekstrakcji sekwencyjnej
(Data obrony: 2014-05-28) Jakubski, Grzegorz
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
The aim of this work was to evaluate the speciation of iron, manganese and selected trace elements (Zn, Pb, and Cu) in initial polar soils located on the forefield of Werenskioldbreen glacier in West Spitsbergen. For this purpose, a multi-stage sequential extraction method has been applied for three soil samples, collected in different distances from the glacier terminus. Mineral composition and particle size distribution have been determined as well. It has been shown that in the finest grain fraction the amount of primary minerals decrease and secondary phyllosilicates and iron oxides are getting more important. Additionally, the primary phases in older soil are usually more altered than those in younger soils. As a consequence, distant (older) soils contain distinctly more iron in finer fractions and less in coarser fractions than the soil located near the glacier front. In the latter, iron is bound mainly to primary silicates and this speciation appear to be less important in the older soils, where, in turn, Fe oxides content increase. Similar variability has been found in the trace elements distribution.
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Geochemia przemian minerałów skałotwórczych pod wpływem wód lodowcowych na Spitsbergenie
(Data obrony: 2011-07-07) Kwaśniak-Kominek, Monika
Wydział Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska
This study focused on characteristics of mechanisms of chemical weathering and mineral transformations in young polar soils of Spitsbergen (Arctic). The study area is located on the foreland of a retreating glacier. Mineral composition of the bottom moraine in the foreland of the glacier as well as chemical composition and physicochemical parameters of pore waters were determined. The dominating processes governing the system were inferred from characteristics and correlation of mineral surfaces in micro scale (scanning electron microscopy) with bulk chemistry of pore waters. Computer program PHREEQC was used to model the mechanisms of mineral-water interaction and weathering reactions. Soils from this area are in the initial stage of development and the dominant minerals in the skeleton are minerals from country rocks. Secondary minerals were determined mostly in the older sediment. The study shows a strong correlation between pore water chemistry and progress of mineral alterations with the distance from the front of the glacier.