Browsing by Subject "ozokeryt"

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Access status: Open Access ,
Olej i wosk ziemny w Galicyi
(Administracja Gazowni Lwowskiej, 1875) Windakiewicz, Edward
Access status: Open Access ,
The oil and ozokerite mine in Boryslav and historical monuments of petroleum and salt industries in the vicinity of Boryslav (Ukrainian Fore-Carpathian region)
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Radwański, Andrzej B.
The Boryslav region was one of the world largest petroleum basins, discovered in the second half of the 19th century. Situated southwest from Drohobych, it includes several localities: Boryslav - Tustanovychi - Mraznytsa - Banya Kotyvska with their rich and long history of brine and salt industry dating back to the 12th century. Rapid development of mining activity has commenced with the implementation of the new, Canadian method of drilling for oil by the Canadian MacGarvey Company. The decisive date in the activity of the MacGarvey Company was 1893 when exploration drilling for oil commenced in Boryslav and then, in 1895, in Tustanovychi. Discovery of an oilfield in Boryslav was the beginning of the »golden age« of the oil industry in the Fore-Carpathian region and many people amassed fortunes. From the geological point of view, the Boryslav region covers the three Carpathian structural units: Skyba (Skole), Boryslav-Pokuttya and Sambir (Stebnik). The Boryslav-Pokuttya Unit is the main oil reservoir in the Ukrainian Carpathians with multiayered oilfields, including the largest one - Boryslav. In this region ozokerite deposits are also known, hosted in the salt-bearing Lower Miocene Vorotyscha Beds. The city of Drohobych has become famous for its long tradition of salt trade. In the 19th century the period of rapid development started when the oil industry flourished in the vicinity, although the town was still in the shadow of Boryslav. The city of Truskavets, the famous health resort, has several mineral waters, also related to the oilfields, including the famous »Naftusia« spring. Another interesting site is Urych – the place where patients from the Truskavets resort travelled in order to admire scenic crags of the Yamna Sandstones and ruins of the Tustan Castle. The region of Boryslav and its surroundings was the site of the most effective petroleum exploitation in the territory of Poland in the past. This place is connected with the activity of Stanisław Szczepanowski (1846-1900), pioneer of oil industry and industrialization of the Galicia province.
Access status: Open Access ,
The Starunia collections in the Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Kubiak, Henryk
In the Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków there is a collection of remains connected with the discovery of the famous Pleistocene rhinoceros Coelodonta antiquitatis (Blum.), the so-called »second rhinoceros« of Starunia which has been World’s only nearly completely preserved fossil woolly rhinoceros so far. The carcass of that rhino was found in October 1929, i.e. 80 years ago in a shaft of an ozokerite mine near the village Starunia (the Eastern Carpathian Mts.) together with parts of skeletons of two other (»third« and »fourth«) woolly rhinoceroses. Those finds were the results of an Expedition of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences. Beside the rhinoceroses abundant remains of flora and fauna, especially insects, were encountered in this locality.
Access status: Open Access ,
The Starunia collections in the Natural History Museum of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in Lviv
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Chornobay, Yuriy M.; Drygant, Daniel M.
In the Natural History Museum of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in Lviv there is a collection of a famous Pleistocene mammoth and a woolly rhinoceros, the so-called »first rhinoceros« from Starunia. The mammoth and the first rhinoceros were found 102 years ago, on 5th October and 6th November, 1907, respectively, in a shaft of an ozokerite (earth wax) mine near Starunia village (the Eastern Carpathians). The discovery of large Pleistocene mammals in Starunia was a spectacular, worldfamous scientific event. Beside the mammoth and the rhinoceros, many specimens of Pleistocene flora and fauna from Starunia and other places of the Fore-Carpathian region are exhibited in the Lviv Natural History Museum.
Access status: Open Access ,
The Starunia palaeontological site and idea of the Ukrainian-Polish trans-border geotourist trail »Traces of large extinct mammals, earth wax, oil and salt: from Starunia to Kraków«
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Kotarba, Maciej
The discovery of large Pleistocene mammals at the Starunia ozokerite (named also earth wax) mine (the Ukrainian Carpathians) was a spectacular scientific event on a world scale. The initial discovery was made in 1907 when relics of party preserved mammoth and woolly rhinoceros were excavated. Later, in 1929, the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences organized a scientific expedition to that site, which resulted in discovery of unique, nearly completely preserved woolly rhinoceros carcass embedded in Pleistocene sediments. A specific combination of brine, oil and clays into which the animal had sunk, is responsible for almost perfect preservation of this animal. The specimens found in 1907 are exhibited at the Natural History Museum in Lviv, Ukraine, whereas the unique specimen excavated in 1929 is displayed at the Natural History Museum in Kraków, Poland. The three sites: Starunia, a small Ukrainian village in which the geopark with the museum and the tourist centre are planned to be developed and two historical towns: Lviv and Kraków, closely connected with the discoveries of extinct large mammals, will be the key sites at the planned, Ukrainian-Polish trans-border geotourist trail »Traces of large extinct mammals, earth wax, oil and salt: from Starunia to Kraków«. The trail will also include the sites where occurrences of ozokerite, salt, brine and oil are known, i.e., the substances which preserved the animal carcasses. These are: the historical rock-salt mines in Wieliczka and Bochnia (Poland), Kalush and Stebnik (Ukraine), the Polish resorts - Iwonicz-Zdrój and Rymanów-Zdrój and the most famous Ukrainian resort - Truskavets, one of the oldest oilfields in the world - Bóbrka, where the Ignacy Łukasiewicz Memorial Open-Space Museum of Oil and Gas Industry is located and Boryslav oil and ozokerite field – the largest deposit in the Ukrainian Carpathians. The idea of Ukrainian-Polish trans-border tourist trail is strongly supported by geological, natural and cultural values of the Polish and the Ukrainian Carpathians.