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Browsing by Subject "upsetting"

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  • thumbnail.journal.alt
    Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access ,
    Modelling of microstructure development in forging of a windmill shaft
    (2006) Sińczak, Jan; Skubisz, Piotr; Łukaszek-Sołek, Aneta; Pietrzyk, Maciej
    The paper presents the results of investigation of microstructure evolution in hot-deformed steel in the process of forging of large forgings. Using a forging of a windmill main shaft as an example, description of the technological process is presented, focused on phenomena occurring in the microstructure during hot-forging. Investigation of the microstructure during and after forging of a shaft was made. The results of theoretical calculation of microstructure evolution during subsequent stages of production cycle are based on temperature changes plots derived from industrial practice. Simulation of microstructure evolution allowed plotting changes of grain size and recrystallized volume fractions versus time during forging and reheating operations.
  • thumbnail.journal.alt
    Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access ,
    Strain in the upsetting process
    (2007) Kajtoch, Jerzy
    In the paper strain distribution in materials commonly referred to as soft materials (electrolytic copper 99,9 % Cu, annealed) and hard ones (steel 20, containing 0,2 % C) produced during hot upsetting process. Numerical calculations were performed with a use of commercial software QForm2D/3D. Significance of the influence of friction forces in the head surface on the free surface profile and distor-tion of rectangular coordination grid of deformations, as well as, effective strain distribution, in various stages of the process was investigated. The results indicate changes in nonuniformity of strain in obtained forgings.