Numer czasopisma
Geotourism / Geoturystyka
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ISSN: 1731-0830
e-ISSN:
Data wydania
2011
Rocznik
Numer
No. 1-2 (24-25)
Prawa dostępu
Dostęp: otwarty dostęp
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Prawa: CC BY 4.0 
Uznanie autorstwa 4.0 Międzynarodowe (CC BY 4.0)
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Rocznik czasopisma (rel.)
Rocznik czasopisma
Geotourism / Geoturystyka
(2011)
Artykuły numeru (rel.)
Artykuł
Tylko metadane
The Ngorongoro Crater as the biggest geotouristic attraction of the Gregory Rift (Northern Tanzania, Africa) - geographical setting
(2011) Żaba, Jerzy; Gaidzik, Krzysztof
The caldera of an extinct Ngorongoro volcano is the largest unflooded and not destroyed type of this form on Earth. The depression itself occupies an area of nearly 300 km2, while the Crater walls tower a few hundred metres (400-610 m) above the floor of the caldera. Almost all typical for East Africa plants and animals, as well as rare, endemic and often endangered species can be observed in the crater. The unique richness and diversity of natural world of the Ngorongoro Crater is caused exceptionally by favourable weather and hydrological conditions. These factors depend on local conditions, associated with significant relief of this area. Probably, the most important is the richness of the Ngorongoro Crater in water. There occur springs, perennial and seasonal rivers, marshes, swamps, as well as reservoirs of fresh and salty water. Essential is also the presence of the local autochthonous population of the Maasai people, which raises the attractiveness of that localization adding so important cultural values. Due to its unique natural and touristic values, the Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA) has been established in 1959. The area was also included into the UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage List. This paper presents only the geographical setting of the Ngorongoro Crater, which should be understood as its morphology, hydrological and climatic conditions, wildlife and indigenous local people.
Artykuł
Tylko metadane
The Ngorongoro Crater as the biggest geotouristic attraction of the Gregory Rift (Northern Tanzania, Africa) - geological heritage
(2011) Żaba, Jerzy; Gaidzik, Krzysztof
The Ngorongoro Crater is the largest unflooded and not destroyed collapse volcanic caldera of the shield volcano on Earth. It attracts many visitors each year not only because of the undoubted wealth of the wildlife and breathtaking views, but also due to the geotouristic attractiveness of this definite location. The Crater is in fact a specific example of geological processes, relevant to the development of planet Earth. In a relatively small area one can observe rocks of different types and ages: Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks, volcanic rocks formed in the Pliocene, Pleistocene, and even nowadays, as well as sedimentary rocks, up to those currently forming within the caldera floor. The origin and development of the Ngorongoro volcano, and lately caldera, is closely related to the activity ofrifting processes occurring along the Gregory Rift, belonging to the East African Rift System. It represents one of the three arms of the Afar triple junction associated with the located here hotspot. Due to the geotouristic attractiveness, as well as a richness of living nature and archaeological sites with discoveries of our ancestors, which illustrate an important stage in the history of mankind, the area of the Ngorongoro Crater was designated a UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage Site.
Artykuł
Tylko metadane
The Ngorongoro Crater as the biggest geotouristic attraction of the Gregory Rift (Northern Tanzania, Africa) - geotouristic valorization, touristic development and hazard
(2011) Żaba, Jerzy; Gaidzik, Krzysztof
The Ngorongoro Crater, as the largest unflooded and not destroyed volcanic caldera on Earth, is one of the major geotouristic attractions of East Africa. Unique on the global scale richness of wildlife, exotic cultures of indigenous people and specific position of the Crater within the East African Rift System, each year attracts thousands of tourists eager for an unforgetable experience. Their number continues to growfrom year to year, reaching the value of nearly half a million visitors within the last few years. Constantly developing tourism industry, besides many advantages, also causes a number of risks, both for the world of living nature and inanimate nature objects, as well as for the local population. In 1959, recognizing the unique and special touristic and geoeducative values of this location, the Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA) was established. Almost twenty years later, in 1978, the area was included in the UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage List. Furthermore, within the Ngorongoro Conservation Area as well as in its immediate neighborhood there are many objects that also deserve to be called geotouristic attractions, such as: Olduvai Gorge, Crater Olmoti, Crater Empakai and Oldoinyo Lengai volcano. In a relatively short distance from the Crater also the highest mountain in Africa - the Kilimanjaro volcano and the biggest active volcano of this continent, Meru, are located.