Geology, Geophysics & Environment
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ISSN 2299-8004
e-ISSN: 2353-0790
Issue Date
2016
Volume
Vol. 42
Number
No. 1
Description
Journal Volume
Geology, Geophysics & Environment
Vol. 42 (2016)
Projects
Pages
Articles
Investigation of the magnetic properties of soils in the Cisna-Wetlina Landscape Park
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2016) Gonet, Tomasz; Wojas, Anna
A magnetic study of 16 samples of topsoil and 2 soil profiles (11 samples) in the area of Cisna-Wetlina Landscape Park was carried out. The whole collection of the samples represents typical Carpathian soils – brown and sour. Magnetic susceptibility, frequency, dependence of magnetic susceptibility, temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility, thermal decay of saturation, isothermal remanent magnetization, parameters of hysteresis loop and anhysteretic remanent magnetization of the samples were measured in a laboratory. Mass magnetic susceptibility of topsoil specimens is below 40 $\cdot$ 10$^{-8}$ m$^{3} \cdot$ kg$^{-1}$, which indicates that the investigated area is probably not polluted currently. The study of the samples from two soil profiles reveals a slight enhancement of magnetic susceptibility in the upper horizons, presumably related to natural processes. The temperature dependence of magnetic susceptibility and saturation isothermal remanence of four soil samples show that the presence of iron sulphide minerals (pyrrhotite) and maghemite is associated with hematite. The occurrence of other iron sulphide minerals in the soil is also possible. The saturation isothermal remanence curves do not confirm the presence of magnetite. Studies of the hysteresis loop reveal a significant role of paramagnetics among magnetic minerals occurring in the samples. Hysteresis parameters (coercive force, coercivity of remanence, saturation magnetization, isothermal remanent magnetization) and anhysteretic remanent susceptibility allowed the authors to evaluate the grain size distribution and reveal the presence of pseudo-single domain (PSD) grains.
The paragenesis of silver minerals in the Pb-Zn Stan Terg deposit, Kosovo - an example of precious metal epithermal mineralization
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2016) Kołodziejczyk, Joanna; Pršek, Jaroslav; Asllani, Burim; Maliqi, Feriz
This study reports silver mineral association found recently in the Stan Terg lead and zinc mine, located in the Vardar zone (in northern Kosovo). The described mineralization comprises pyrargyrite ($Ag_{3}SbS_{3}$), freieslebenite ($AgPbSbS_{3}$), high-Ag bearing tetrahedrite and freibergite ($(Ag_{4+2x}Cu_{2-2x})[(Cu,Ag)_{4}(Fe, Zn)_{2}]\Sigma 6Sb_{4}S_{12}S_{1-x}$ with $(0 < x < 1)$), as well as native compounds (Electrum, composition of those minerals was confirmed by the electron microprobe. The freibergite from native silver is native antimony). The Ag-minerals occur in vuggs and cracks in a massive galena ore and have signs of the latest minerals, which precipitated in the deposit. The chemical of the Stan Terg deposit reveals zonality and contains between 13.91–20.28% of Ag. The high concentration of Ag in solutions is also indicated by relatively high silver content in Au-Ag alloy (electrum), which is between 47.02% and 73.19% of Ag. The Ag association is supposed to be an epithermal equivalent of precious metal mineralization, which could be located in the external part of the Stan Terg hydrothermal system. This association occurs in low temperatures, below 200°C. The Ag-minerals can be a part of epithermal veins from the external part of the Stan Terg hydrothermal system. Similarly to the other known Pb-Zn-Ag hydrothermal systems, the Ag association is related to the formation of the rhodochrosite banded ore and Ag-Au-Sb dominated mineralization.
Ground Penetrating Radar investigation of limestone karst objects in the Botanical Garden in Kielce
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2016) Zieliński, Artur; Łyskowski, Mikołaj; Mazurkiewicz, Ewelina
Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is one of the most effective and rapid types of geophysical survey methods. The present study was carried out in the Botanical Garden in Kielce, which is currently undergoing a second stage of infrastructure development. This object is located in the Świętokrzyskie (Holy Cross) Region, characterized by large scale deformations in the development of karst origins. Those structures threaten existing buildings and can be obstacles to newly constructed ones. Radargrams presented in this paper show significant potential of the GPR method in mapping of karst phenomena. Proper acquisition parameters and optimal processing of raw data resulted in a clear image of the structure of rock mass under the Botanical Garden, along acquired profile lines. Additionally, precise GPS coordinate links and established researchers’ experience of conducting this type of surveys helped in the process of mapping the anomalies in the limestone. Under these conditions, the survey minimized the need for a second method and resulted in high quality data acquisition. The study provided information about underlying rock mass structure development and registered anomalies whose origins include voids or caves of karst genesis. The area studied covers a large part of the Botanical Garden. Described anomalies can be dynamic in origin.
Hydrochemical zoning of valley peatlands as a result of water supply conditions - examples from Poland
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2016) Ziułkiewicz, Maciej; Fortuniak, Anna
The chemical composition of water from two peatlands was investigated. Both peatlands, which are nature reserves, are located in central Poland in the Widawka and Rawka River valleys. The study concerned groundwaters, peat waters from different depths, and waters from draining ditches. The research permitted determination of the hydrochemical zoning of the peatlands resulting from the complex character of the water supply. The hydrochemical interpretation of surface waters outflowing alongside the ditches, in terms of their similarity to particular zones, provides an insight into the water-feeding structure of the peatlands. In the evaluation, hydrochemical indicators were applied, which have been used in hydrogeological studies. They are based on equivalent concentrations of the major ions: sodium, calcium, chlorides, and sulphates, selected from other hydrochemical elements by means of principal component analysis (PCA), conducted individually for each peatland. The analyses showed a high contribution of unconfined and confined groundwaters to the water supply, with clearly distinguishable zones, in terms of their transit through the structures of the peatlands.
Late Messinian palynoflora from Central Anatolian Plateau (Çankırı Basin)
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2016) Atalar, Müge; Kováčová, Marianna; Özer, Mine Sezgül Kayseri; Utescher, Torsten
Within the framework of the Marie Curie FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN program, the ALErT project targets on tectonic and climatic boundary conditions in the regions along the densely populated and the associated with natural hazards part of the Central Anatolian Plateau.