Geology, Geophysics & Environment
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ISSN 2299-8004
e-ISSN: 2353-0790
Issue Date
2014
Volume
Vol. 40
Number
No. 3
Description
Journal Volume
Projects
Pages
Articles
Experimental testing of methanol sorption on selected coal samples from Upper Silesian Basin
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Baran, Paweł; Jodłowski, Grzegorz Stefan; Krzyżanowski, Andrzej M.; Zarębska, Katarzyna
This paper summarises the results of methanol sorption on three selected coal samples from Polish collieries. These coals differ in terms of their degree of metamorphism (coal rank), petrography and elemental composition. It was found out that during the sorption of methanol, the sorption capacity is closely related to the structure of the coal surface and the amount of sorbed polar substance tends to decrease with the higher degree of metamorphism. Experimental data were plotted as isotherms. Empirical measurements were supported by thermodynamic analysis of aliphatic hydrocarbons sorption. The procedure is based on the Multisorption Model (MSM) designed for describing small molecules sorption in different types of carbonaceous materials (hard coals, lignites, active carbons).
Raster images generalization in the context of research on the structure of landscape and geodiversity
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Bartuś, Tomasz
Generalization is one of the most important stages of work on cartographic data. It has a particular importance in the study of landscape structure, especially geodiversity. In raster images, it is based on modifying the structure of the image while maintaining its general characteristics. In ArcGIS software, the most important tools for generalization of raster images include: Boundary Clean and Majority Filter. Fragstat software was used for the analysis of structural modifications of the output images and assessment of the effects of generalization. Depending on the options used, both tools (Boundary Clean and Majority Filter) cause different types of modifications in rasters. Elimination of the so-called noise using one of the variants of Majority Filter is the most suitable if we wish to introduce only subtle modifications to the final image. If, however, we expect a greater level of interference in the structure of the source images, using Boundary Clean becomes necessary.
Coal mining waste dumps as secondary deposits – examples from the Upper Silesian Coal Basin and the Lublin Coal Basin
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Gawor, Łukasz
Polish coal mining industry generates approximately 30 million Mg of mining wastes per year, which represents the largest amount of industrial waste in Poland. This results in the disposal of a huge volume of wastes at waste dumps. The coal mining waste dumps are spread within the area of over 4,000 ha in more than 220 dumping sites, where over 760 million Mg of wastes from hard coal mining have been disposed. One of the most recent problems in Poland is the recovery of coal from mining waste. There is a possibility and necessity to recover coal from mining waste dumps, which should be linked with appropriate legal regulations. In this paper, distribution and dimensions of coal mining waste dumps in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin and the Lublin Coal Basin are analyzed. Selected problems of negative environmental impacts of coal mining wastes – that may be reduced by the recovery of coal – are presented. Legal regulations referring to the mining waste management are analyzed. Some examples of a successful recovery of coal mining dumps as well as economic feasibility studies are given. The analysis of potential objects, which are the most valuable in terms of recovery processes, is presented. Coal mining waste dumps may be considered as important secondary deposits. Feasibility studies and past experiences in the coal recovery show a need for new recovery sites. Sustainable coal recovery is not only economically but also ecologically justified. The re-using and managing of reclaimed dumping sites for local communities is also of importance.
Evaluation of GPR surveys for assessment of trees condition in urbanized areas
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Mazurek, Ewelina; Łyskowski, Mikołaj
Modern measuring equipment is sometimes used for applications, for which it has not been originally designed. For example Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), designed for subsurface structures analysis, can be used for tree tomography. Radar utilizes the phenomenon of propagation of the electromagnetic waves in a physical medium. Measurements can be carried out in situ, in a non-invasive manner on a living tree. Collected data allow for the tree condition determination. It is possible to detect voids and internal structure. Geophysical investigations can provide an estimation of the risk of falling of the trees. These methods also allow determination of the production quality of the tree by detecting knots inside the structure. Available literature shows only limited examples of the usage of other geophysical surveys, such as the ultrasound and geoelectrical method. However, in many cases these measurements are performed on samples in the form of profiles cut from the felled trees. Presented study was conducted on a set of 8 ash trees growing in the Krakow city parks. The measurement was carried out with high frequency antenna – 1600 MHz. Due to the lack of available literature and limited experience of the authors, only trees with known condition were tested. Despite many attempts, the authors were not able to developed a reliable measurement methodology which would allow for unambiguous classification and interpretation of results. In most cases, the results of the study permitted determination of the trees condition. However, some echograms, of the surveyed trees with visible voids pointed to a different tree state and misclassification. Despite that, the research results seem to be promising and the authors believe in the usefulness of the further development of measurement method along with its extension to other trees species.
Evolution of the mental picture of shale reservoir completion - 3rd Shale Science Conference (Warsaw, 9–10 June 2014). Note
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Liana, Bartłomiej; Hadro, Piotr
The 3$^{rd}$ edition of ShaleScience conference held on 9-10 June 2014 in Warsaw, Poland, was a very successful event. It was organized by Orlen Upstream and partner Institutions - EGI, AGH and INIG - under the Honorary Patronage of the Polish Ministry of Environment. The conference brought together world-class specialists in fields of geology, geophysics, geomechanics, drilling, reservoir completion and environmental protection. They all contributed greatly to a better understanding of the Polish shale reservoirs of moderate quality.