Kowalik, Stanisław
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Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , The content of the organic carbon and total nitrogen in the soil of the reclaimed repository of the Sulphur Mine „Machów” after many years of agricultural and forestry management(2014) Wójcik, Jerzy; Kowalik, StanisławW pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań nad kształtowaniem się zawartości węgla organicznego i azotu ogólnego w profilu gleby inicjalnej zalesionych i zagospodarowanych rolniczo powierzchni zwałowiska „Machów', po 30 latach od wykonania na nich zabiegów rekultywacyjnych. Grunty budujące zwałowisko zewnętrzne Kopalni Siarki „Machów' są utworami bardzo ciężkimi (dominacja iłów krakowieckich), mają kilkuprocentową zawartość CaCO3 i korzystny odczyn. Przed rozpoczęciem rekultywacji charakteryzowały się, jak wszystkie grunty „surowe', niską zawartością dwóch podstawowych pierwiastków decydujących o funkcjonowaniu gleby, tj. węgla organicznego i azotu ogólnego. Trzydziestoletni okres zagospodarowania leśnego i rolnego spowodował znaczący wzrost zawartości tych składników w warstwach przypowierzchniowych. Wystąpiły też różnice w akumulacji Corg i Nog w zależności od sposobu zagospodarowania terenów zrekultywowanych.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , The content of the forms of calcium and sulphur in the spoil tip of initial soil in the sulphur mine »Machów« after many years of its agricultural and forestry land use(2012) Kowalik, Stanisław; Wójcik, JerzyThis paper contains the results of the studies on the formation of the content of selected forms of calcium and sulphur in the grounds of the rubble heap »Machów« managed by forestry and agriculturally managed, after about 30 years of reclamation measures. Before the reclamation the grounds forming the outer rubble heap of the Sulphur Mine »Machów« were characterized by high content of calcium and sulphur – components of antagonist properties in terms of soil chemical properties, especially the reaction. Thirty years of management as forest or agricultural land caused a significant decrease in the content of different forms of calcium and sulphur only near the surface, in the case of agricultural management up to 20 cm, depth and forest management– 30 cm. The content of calcium, especially $CaCO_{3}$, despite a small decrease compared to the initial state, is still in the class of optimal contents, due to the structure-forming and reaction stabilizing impact and the degree of sorption complex saturation with alkalis. Despite still a high content of sulphur, also in the surface horizon, molar concentration of calcium in the ground is many times higher, which, in a long time perspective, guarantees the stability of reaction and other chemical properties.|Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Kształtowanie się wybranych właściwości inicjalnej gleby na zrekultywowanej w kierunku leśnym hałdzie górnictwa miedzi(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2006) Wójcik, Jerzy; Kowalik, StanisławBasic task of the biological stage of forest-directed reclamation of post-mining soilless areas is to speed up the growth of introduced plantations and stimulate soil-forming processes. During the reclamation, through technical and biological procedures the properties of initial soils are formed. Such properties have crucial influence on the value of the restored forest ecosystems. The goal of the carried out studies was to define the influence of four tree species on the properties of the initial soil, 8 years after the forestation of the waste heap of sterile rocks from the copper mining. In the paper the results referring to the accumulation of organic matter, organic carbon and nitrogen were presented as well as the selected physical and chemical properties of the studied initial soil. The obtained results indicate dynamic course of soil processes on the studied waste heap. This can be proved by the formation of characteristic for initial forest levels of accumulation already containing significant quantities of nitrogen-rich organic matter. In the layer 0-10 cm, the trend of favourable changes has appeared. This includes volume density, pH reaction and the content of nutrients. At the present stage of the development of initial soil the influence of the species composition of the forests could only be clearly seen in the accumulation of the organic matter and nitrogen.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Symptomy rozwoju procesu glebotwórczego pod młodymi zalesieniami rekultywacyjnymi na spągu wyrobiska Kopalni Piasku »Szczakowa«(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2005) Kowalik, Stanisław; Wójcik, JerzyOn the reclaimed floor of the old working of the Sand Mine »Szczakowa« the studies on chemical properties of soils under 10 years old larch (Larix europaea) and pine (Pinus silvestris) forest were carried out. Similar symptoms of the differentiation of the morphological picture of both initial soils (made of loose sand) were detected. Both under larch and pine about 1-cm thick layer of overburden humus were found as well as a very weakly marked initial humus level. Close to surface mineral layer (0-10 cm) of both soils were characterized with much higher than other content of organic C and N total. To the depth of 30 cm also big acidification of ground was found, compared to the initial state and at present, compared to deeper layers. Both soils are characterized by very Iow content of nutrients, small capacity of sorption complex, with a Iow degree of saturation with alkali. Despite very unfavourable properties of ground both larch and pine have high growth rate, which indicates a significant role of shallowly situated (0.7-0.9 m) layer of ground water.Item type:Book, Access status: Restricted , Zagadnienia z gleboznawstwa. Dla studentów inżynierii środowiska(Uczelniane Wydawnictwa Naukowo-Dydaktyczne AGH, 2007) Kowalik, Stanisław