Szczerbowski, Zbigniew
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inżynieria lądowa, geodezja i transport
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Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Local tectonic stress regime in the Upper Silesian Coal Basin using primary geodetic data(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2025) Szczerbowski, ZbigniewMany papers have been devoted to the problematic tectonic stress regime of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB), particularly relating to the interrelation between the tremors triggered by mining activity and the natural seismicity in the rock mass. This problem is analysed here on the basis of geodetic data in light of the tectonic setting. The author determined the horizontal strain regime in the USCB area with the application of triangular arrays that are formed by a network of GPS/GNSS stations. The primary geodetic data used in this research are the coordinates recorded in time by the stations. They enabled the calculation of the easting and northing components of displacement velocity vector and their errors. 16 permanently installed GPS/GNSS stations are located into the study area and this set led to the construction of 23 different triangles, while the centroid of each triangle was extracted. For each centroid, the deformation parameters were determined: maximal horizontal extension, azimuth of maximal horizontal extension, minimal horizontal extension, maximal shear strain, and area strain. These results were applied to estimate the spatial distributions of the parameters. The distributions reveal that the central part of the study area (the Upper Silesian Trough) is under compression, and is surrounded by extension zones. In general, the distributions of strain estimates correspond to the tectonic pattern of the area. These findings provide a different perspective on former studies on tectonic stress by geological surveys and tectonic influence on seismicity in the USCB area. They confirm earlier assumptions about the occurrence of tectonic stress in the studied area. The determined deformation parameters and their spatial distribution provide an explanation for the occurrence of high-energy tremors in the USCB area.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Tectonic strain in salt rock mass based on measurements(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2023) Szczerbowski, Zbigniew ; Niedbalski, Zbigniew; Bednarek, ŁukaszThe measurement method with the application of an extensometer for the detection of the manifestation of tectonic strain is presented in this paper. The instrument is operated in underground construction for engineering purposes, and the authors applied it in a deeply placed underground old mine gallery in the Bochnia Salt Mine, just at the tectonic boundary of the Outer Carpathians which is commonly considered to be a tectonically active zone. The presented study is characterized by two basic features. The first is the placement of the measurements deep in an old mine which is an environment free of atmospheric factors disturbing the detection of a tectonic signal. The second is a combination of routine measurements carried out for engineering purposes and research measurements enabling the extension of the observation of displacements in the space outside underground workings, inside the rock mass that has been penetrated by extensometer probes. The extensometric measurements have been made using three 7-meter long sections. The results showed the differentiation in the displacement rates of points placed in the side walls: in the southern profile, the annual displacements are approximately 1.5 mm and in the northern one – approximately 1 mm. The combined result corresponds to the amount of the annual convergence value which has been determined by the classical surveys in the excavation where extensometric measurements have been made. What is more, the ongoing displacements in the southern side wall involve the entire part of the rock mass which is penetrated by an extensometric probe, but the displacements in the northern side are only observed in the first 2 m of the penetrated part of the rock mass. This differentiation is interpreted by the authors as being the result of tectonic strain acting from the south exerted by the Carpathians.Item type:Doctoral Dissertation, Access status: Metadata only , Badanie relacji zachodzących pomiędzy deformacjami górotworu a anomaliami grawimetrycznymi wywołanymi eksploatacją górniczą(Data obrony: 2000) Szczerbowski, Zbigniew
Wydział Geodezji Górniczej i Inżynierii Środowiska