The influence of technogenic factors on the karst activization of Precarpathian salt sediments and karst natural lows

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to conduct an analysis of the technological and natural factors that have influenced the development and intensification of the salt karst, located within Miocene salt-bearing sediments. Understanding the rules of the karst process is one way to help make the right decisions at the forecasting stage of these harmful exogenic geological processes. This is especially true of salt deposits, which are located in complex geological conditions (e.g. the Carpathian Foredeep). The development of the salt karst in the Precarpathian has shown that it is a complex multi-system process, where all the components have a significant impact on the results and they are directly related to each other. The results of the completed research confirm that the features of the spatial development of the karst processes within the Carpathian salt deposits are caused by the complex geological structures of the Miocene sediments. The spatial developments of the karst processes depend on the heterogeneity of the water penetration in the plans and sections of the salt-bearing deposits. This forms the predominant vector of the underground leaching intensity along the geological boundaries. Permeability and solubility of the salt bearing deposits along the bedding are higher, relative to the permeability and solubility across geological structures. Faults which occur across the strike of geological layers act as a containment of the karst processes along the geological borders.