Artykuły (CN-geologia)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repo.agh.edu.pl/handle/AGH/102836

Artykuły czasopisma Geologia

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Access status: Open Access ,
127 lat geologii inżynierskiej
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2008) Kaczyński, Ryszard R.
127 years have elapsed in 2007 since the publication of the first manual of engineering geology marking the historical commencements of this discipline. The beginnings, scope, competences and activities of engineering geologists over the years 1880-2007 are discussed. Two basic periods can be distinguished in the history of engineering geology: the first - till 1964 that is till the foundation of the International Association of Engineering Geology and the Environment (IAEG) and the second one after 1964. The role of IAEG is coordinating and initiating engineering geological activities and its statutes define the scope of competences of engineering geologists. The beginnings and development of Polish engineering geology are discussed against the international engineering geological background. The report of the Joint European Working Group (JEWG) reviewed in the final part of the present paper defines the position of engineering geology among other geoengineering disciplines and such international bodies as ISSMGE (International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering) and ISRM (International Society for Rock Mechanics). Over the years engineering geology has become an independent discipline in scientific hierarchy equal to soil and rock mechanics.
Access status: Open Access ,
20 lat metody georadarowej w Katedrze Geofizyki na Wydziale Geologii, Geofizyki i Ochrony Środowiska AGH w aspekcie realizowanych w niej prac naukowo-badawczych
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Gołębiowski, Tomisław
The paper presents 20 years history of development of GPR method in the Department of Geophysics at Faculty of Geology, Geophysics and Environmental Protection at AGH University of Science and Technology starting from one-channel analog georadar up to multichannel digital device. In the chronology way there is described how the advancement of GPR devices influenced in to the level of scientific works. The paper presents a brief description of realized works and there are many citations which can help the reader to find particular information about results of carried out investigations.
Access status: Open Access ,
Aktywność uskoków w Dolinie Rio Colca w rejonie Pinchollo-Maca, Andy Środkowe, południowe Peru
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2008) Żaba, Jerzy; Małolepszy, Zbigniew
Fault/fracture network within Mesozoic and Quaternary formations has been studied in Rio Colca Valley in Pinchollo - Lari - Maca area (Peruvian Andes). The results show structural framework of the Rio Colca Valley based on nearly all tectonic discontinuities observed in the area, mostly on WNW-ESE and NE-SW faults, and on few W-E faults. Displacements of Mesozoic, Miocene and Quaternary formations observed on nearly all faults in the study area provide evidence for recent tectonic activity. Most of the faults in the Mesozoic bedrock continue in Quaternary colluvial deposits. Recent faulting led to development of a system of distinct, primary scarps and land cracks on the surface, which have not been eroded yet.
Access status: Open Access ,
Akustycznie stymulowane promieniowanie elektromagnetyczne obserwowane w ośrodkach porowatych nasyconych wodą lub ropą
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2006) Sobotka, Jerzy
Physical properties of saturated porous media are unstable, which can be related to changes in their internal energy due to e.g. changes of acoustic pressure. Such processes usually are accompanied by electromagnetic radiation, parameters of which must be in strong relation to physical properties of rocks and the type of pore liquid. Results of experimental studies of electromagnetic radiation parameters of saturated sedimentary rock samples and borehole models in a powerful ultrasonic field are presented. It is shown that the amplitude of electromagnetic radiation induced in rock samples, saturated with electrolyte (NaCl solution) and subjected to a field of ultrasonic energy, increases dramatically compared to the amplitude of electromagnetic radiation induced in the same samples saturated with petroleum. The described results suggest that the field of ultrasonic energy alters the electromagnetic radiation of rock in various ways, depending on the type of pore liquid and on the relation between the liquid and the solid phases. A theoretical model explaining the obtained experimental results is proposed. Such behaviour of a multiphase system under the influence of an ultrasonic field enhances the informative possibilities of the methods of borehole logging and suggests possibilities of inventing new methods in geophysical prospecting.
Access status: Open Access ,
An analysis of generalized distances between mining-induced seismic events
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Mortimer, Zofia; Korytowska, Barbara; Laskownicka, Anna
Na bazie szeregów czasowych odległości epicentralnych lub hipocentralnych, energii i czasu pomiędzy kolejnymi zdarzeniami sejsmiczności indukowanej w kopalni złota i węgla konstruowane są fazowe przestrzenie zanurzone. Badane są odległości na trajektorii pomiędzy następującymi po sobie zdarzeniami, tak by wszystkie dostępne zmienne równocześnie oddziaływały na te wartości. Głównym problemem jest normalizacja zmiennych w taki sposób, aby można wyróżnić okresy poprzedzające zdarzenia wysokoenergetyczne. Aby ocenić czy proces przejawia trwałą korelację długookresową oszacowane zostały wartości wykładnika Hursta.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analiza cytowań artykułów kwartalnika AGH Geologia na podstawie bazy Sci Expanded
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2008) Chadaj, Anna; Ryś, Danuta
The article presents the results of a citation analysis of articles published in Geologia (AGH quarterly). Previous publication forms of the journal (Zeszyty Naukowe AGH series Geologia, Kwartalnik Geologia, Zeszyty Specjalne, Rozprawy and Rozprawy, Monografie focusing on geological topics) were included in the analysis. The research was done with the use of the Science Citation Index Expanded database (data from 1975 to 2006). Special attention was paid to the number of publications and citations in the chronological aspect. The citation factor for individual years was calculated. The data regarding articles, citations and self-citations were presented in a graphic format. It was ascertained that the highest number of citations concerned articles published in the 1980s and at the beginning of the 1990s. Publications most frequently cited were indicated. Errors in the database, hindering or precluding the identification of cited publications, were pointed out. Solutions which could increase the citation factor of the analysed journal were suggested.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analiza czasowo-częstotliwościowa akustycznych obrazów falowych za pomocą transformaty falkowej
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2005) Wawrzyniak-Guz, Kamila
Interpretation of acoustic full waveforms is based on identification of elastic waves recorded in boreholes. Determination of arrival time and duration of wave packets can be solved using time-frequency analyses such a wavelet transform. Discrete and continuous wavelet transform were applied to decomposition of wave field. Research showed that discrete wavelet transform is not a proper tool to solving the problem. However, it allows denoising signals. Research on continuous wavelet transform, which has better resolution, are carried out and gives a chance to decompose wave field into separate waves.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analiza efektywności tomografii amplitudowej opartej na zmianach częstotliwości centroidalnej widma sygnału w pomiarach międzyotworowych - studium modelowe
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2008) Kasina, Zbigniew
In the presented paper the results of the analysis of the influence of seismogeological model parameters as well as inversion parameters on the effectiveness of attenuation variations imaging by means of amplitude tomography based on the variations of centroidal frequency of signal spectrum in the seismic well to well measurements have been described. In the considerations the homogeneous models with the zones of higher and lower values of velocity and attenuation as well as gradient media were taken into consideration. In the analysis of the effectiveness the centroidal frequencies of the signals observed in the receiver points and traveltimes generated for assumed models were used. The main attention was paid to the effect of starting velocity field on the results of tomographic inversion.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analiza gęstości i porowatości z badań laboratoryjnych oraz wyników pomiarów otworowych i obliczeń w programie Estymacja w wybranych otworach w Karpatach Zachodnich
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2007) Jarzyna, Jadwiga
The analysis of density and porosity changes was made for selected wells from the Western Carpathians. Laboratory data from the PITAKA database of the Polish Oil and Gas Company together with density logs and density values obtained from the Estymacja calculation as well as data for a few dozen samples from mercury porosimetry measurements were used. The agreement of results from different sources was observed. Data for different lithostratigraphic formations were set together for groups of wells from the same region. This enabled information to be mutually supplemented. Density characteristics of lithostratigraphic formations was used for gravity modeling. Porosity and density were employed to create generalized models of physical properties of selected lithostratigraphic formations form the Western Carpathians.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analiza możliwości wykorzystania georadarowych fal refrakcyjnych do lokalizacji zmian w budowie wałów przeciwpowodziowych
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2005) Marcak, Henryk; Gołębiowski, Tomisław; Tomecka-Suchoń, Sylwia
The GPR refracted waves can be used for evaluation of parameters, which characterize two-layer ground, where upper layer has higher value of dielectric constant than lower one. Such situation can take a place in a river embankments, where over the zone of consolidation with low water content is placed a lose zone with large amount of rain-water. The results of GPR measurements carried out on the embankments in Kraków, give possibility for identification the consolidated and lose zones, between geotechnical bench-marks. The paper presents new technology of GPR profiling with various offset of antennas and it describes the technique of identification the different kinds of GPR waves, with special treatment of refracted waves.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analiza porównawcza efektywności tłumienia fali powierzchniowej za pomocą transformacji falkowej, transformacji Radona, filtracji pasmowej oraz filtracji F-K
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2010) Szymańska-Małysa, Żaneta
The objective of the paper is to present the comparison analysis of the effectiveness of surface wave attenuation using wavelet transform, Radon transform, bandpass filter and F-K filter. Wavelet transform was performed in MATLAB computing environment. Radon transform, bandpass filter and F-K filter were realized in seismic data processing system ProMAX. The basic part of the paper is devoted to the analysis of surface wave attenuation by means of the wavelet transform treated as innovative tool of seismic data processing. In the analysis the common shot point gathers (seismic records) were used for the case of dynamite seismic. The influence of the wavelet transform parameters on the effectiveness of surface wave attenuation from seismic records wave images was defined. The comparison was performed using seismic records wave images and their mean amplitude spectra.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analiza wpływu parametrów modelu sejsmogeologicznego i parametrów sygnału na zmiany częstotliwości centroidalnych jego widma w pomiarach międzyotworowych - studium modelowe
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2008) Kasina, Zbigniew
In the presented paper the results of the analysis of the influence of seismogeological model and source signal parameters on the variations of centroidal frequencies of its spectrum in the seismic well to well measurements have been described. In the analysis the homogeneous models with the zones of higher and lower values of velocity and attenuation as well as gradient models and different source signal parameters (dominant signal frequency, signal type) were taken into consideration In the analysis of centroidal frequencies of the signals in the receiver points the model data (traveltimes and centroidal frequencies of signal spectrum) were used These data were generated by means of elaborated by author computer programs appriopriated for a solution of the direct problems of taveltime and amplitude tomography.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analiza wyników powierzchniowych badań geochemicznych w transgranicznej strefie Karpat polskich i ukraińskich
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Sechman, Henryk; Dzieniewicz, Marek
The paper presents results of reconnaissance surface geochemical surveys carried out in the years 2007 and 2008 in the eastern Polish Carpathians and western Ukrainian Carpathians between the Carpathian Foredeep and Dukla Overthrust. The surveys intended to assess the possibility of occurrence of subsurface hydrocarbon accumulations in the area characterized by common occurrence of oil seeps at outcrops of beds, which had been intensely folded and deeply dissected by erosion. The surveys were conducted along 11 profiles. The profiles were running transversally to the strike of flysch structural-facies units. The geochemical surveys consisted in taking 890 soil-gas samples, in which concentrations of gaseous hydrocarbons and helium were determined. Concentrations of methane, higher alkanes, gaseous alkenes and helium reached to nearly 50 vol.%, 0.4 vol.%, 132 ppm and 52 ppm, respectively. The anomalous alkanes concentrations, graphically presented against the background of major Carpathian tectonic units and documented hydrocarbon deposits, have confirmed, in general, the existence of the deposits, whereas some of the concentrations have indicated possible occurrence of other, still undocumented subsurface hydrocarbon accumulations.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analiza względnych zmian wiekowych pola magnetycznego Ziemi (1966-2005) wzdłuż profilu Zgorzelec-Wiżajny
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2006) Bojdys, Grzegorz; Grabowska, Teresa; Marchewka, Józef; Suchoń, Bogusław
The paper presents results of the studies on local relative time variations of total geomagnetic field observed along the 700 km long profile crossing the Paleozoic Platform (PLZ), Transeuropean Suture Zone (TESZ) and East European Craton (EEC). The study is a continuation of the research conducted in the years 1966-2000. Measurements of the Earth's magnetic field made in the last five years revealed a new phenomenon, which was a faster increase of the magnetic field observed at the EEC. They proved also that the dynamics of the magnetic field variations observed for the EEC was greater than it was for TESZ and PLZ. The character of geomagnetic field variations observed during the last five years caused the modification of method of studies of relative secular geomagnetic variations.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analiza zawartości metali ciężkich w nawarstwieniach historycznych Krakowa i ich rola wskaźnikowa w badaniach archeologicznych
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Wardas-Lasoń, Marta; Such, Joanna
The archaeological post in Kraków has been examined, for several years, for the presence of heavy metals within the sequence sediment layers. Their concentration has been correlated with the presence of mineral - or anthropogenic phases, as well as artifacts and ecofacts. For the layers, distinguished by archaeologists, the geochemical photos have been done to trace the routs of contaminants' movement, and barriers preventing their migration. A strong anomaly of Pb and Cu concentration of anthropogenic origin, within mediaeval layers of Kraków Old Town, on the depth of several meters below the ground surface, caused an extraordinary situation for the scientists. It can be compared to the situation after introducing to the environment of the, so called, chemical marker. Due to this, the contaminant combining/releasing process may be observed, and even some, genetically conditioned, differences in stratigraphy of historical usage levels may be traced. The presence of a moat, surrounding the mediaeval defensive walls of Kraków, makes possible a reconstruction of the Kraków inhabitants' activity, associated with metal usage. It may be done by the investigation of variability in chemical and mineralogical composition, within profiles of water sediments.
Access status: Open Access ,
Application of simple seismic models for interpretation of small reef objects under conditions of low resolution seismic data and incomplete borehole information
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2011) Barmuta, Jan Paweł; Pietsch, Kaja
Tracing facies and saturation with hydrocarbon along sedimentary beds is one of Seismic's most important objectives. The application of simple seismic modeling for the interpretation of low resolution seismic data is presented. This method confirmed the possibility to trace changes in Main Dolomite (Ca2) development and to detect, comparatively small to the seismic resolution, hydrocarbon traps.
Access status: Open Access ,
Atrakcje geoturystyczne Kanionu Rio Colca i jego otoczenia
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2008) Radwanek-Bąk, Barbara
This article describes a selection of geotourism phenomena located in a region of Rio Colca Canyon and also presents a preliminary concept of their evaluation. Proposed criteria are as follows: educational-cognitive, landscape-scenic, architectonical-cultural, sport-recreational. Separately there were appreciated two aspects of availability: transport conditions and tourist access difficulty level. Assembled information are important component of presently preparing, preliminary geologic and physiographic documentation of mentioned region. The main goal of activity was focused to give the scientific-geological base for the purpose to create here The Colca Canyon National Park.
Access status: Open Access ,
Automatyczna interpretacja kształtu kawern mierzonych echosondą CHEMKOP
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2010) Kościuszko, Michał; Rałowicz, Bartłomiej
The paper contains a brief description of the measurement equipment and measurement techniques used to determine the shape of caverns measured through the use of the CHEMKOP echo sounder. It also explains how the program AutoInter2007 for automatic interpretation of measurement data works.
Access status: Open Access ,
Azotany w wodach jurajskiego piętra wodonośnego w rejonie Olkusza
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2010) Żurek, Anna J.; Czop, Mariusz; Motyka, Jacek
Jurassic aquifer represents the Major Groundwater Basin (MGWB) 326 which is located in Upper Jurassic carbonate rocks. The hydrodynamic conditions in the Jurassic aquifer are very complex, with different types of hydraulic connections with neighbouring aquifers. Therefore the quality of the Jurassic aquifer has affected groundwater quality in Quaternary and Triassic rocks. Nitrates have been the main indicator of groundwater contamination. The regime of springs located in the study area (high fluctuation of discharge and temperature) indicates local drainage. The quality of spring-water has reflected the land use of spring recharge area. The chemistry of deep well-water has shown the quality variation of regional flow system water. Nitrate variability in spring-water (period 2001-2008) and in well-water (1995-2007) has indicated the regional trends of groundwater quality changes in the Jurassic aquifer near Olkusz.
Access status: Open Access ,
Badania archeobotaniczne w nawarstwieniach historycznych z terenu Krakowa: metodyka - stan badań - perspektywy
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Wasylikowa, Krystyna; Wacnik, Agnieszka; Mueller-Bieniek, Aldona
Palaeobotanical studies of archaeological sites situated on the territory of modern Kraków were initiated in the thirties of the 20th century but intensive explorations began after the World War II. The investigations can be divided in two periods. The older one was based on materials collected from archaeological excavations carried out from the late forties to ca. 1965. At that time the richest plant remains were obtained from the Wawel Hill and the Main Market Square (Rynek Główny). The studies of the younger period, which began after 2000, are connected with the new archaeological works carried out in the Main Market Square, at Kanonicza 17 St., Krupnicza 7 St. and in several other places of the Old Town. Most of the data were obtained from the Medieval layers. In a few cases it was possible to indicate changes in the intensity and ways of management of the studied features. Considerable spatial and chronological variation of the distribution of plant remains was observed.