Artykuły (CN-jcme)
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repo.agh.edu.pl/handle/AGH/102800
Artykuły czasopisma Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering
Browse
118 results
Filters
Advanced Search
Filter by
Settings
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 10 of 118
Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Microstructure-erosion resistance correlation in high chromium cast iron: a digital image processing approach(AGH University Press, 2026) Vezzania, Ottavia; Fortinia, Annalisa; Gragnaninia, Michele; Sumana, Alessio; Zanini, NicolaHigh chromium cast irons (HCCIs) are widely employed as wear-resistant hardfacing materials in industrial applications where solid particle erosion (SPE) represents a primary degradation mechanism, such as in energy production, mining, and cement manufacturing. The erosive wear resistance of these alloys is strongly dependent on the microstructural features of the primary $M_{7}C_{3}$ carbides, particularly their size, morphology, and spatial distribution within the metallic matrix. The quantitative relationship between carbide distribution homogeneity and erosion resistance has received limited attention in the literature. This study investigates the erosive wear resistance of a Fe-Cr-C cast iron hardfacing alloy and proposes three digital image processing methods to quantitatively characterise the carbide microstructure and correlate it with experimental erosion test results. Optical microscopy combined with image binarisation was used to segment primary $M_{7}C_{3}$ carbides. Three methods were adopted: carbide volume fraction (CVF), minimum inter-carbide distances, and a moving scanning area approach. Erosion tests were conducted according to ASTM G76 guidelines using two Arizona road dust powder grades with two mean diameters under equal kinetic energy conditions. Results show that the erosion rate decreases significantly with the increasing erodent particle size and that carbide distribution homogeneity plays a critical role in determining the erosion resistance. The moving scanning area method proved particularly effective at correlating microstructural coverage with experimental erosion rates.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Comparison of component properties between HPDC and rheocasting applying the RheoMetal$^{TM}$ process(AGH University Press, 2026) Cziegler, AndreasSince the 1970s, there has been increasing interest in semi-solid processes, allowing improved mould filling with lower gas porosity and lower melt temperatures with improved tool life compared to the standard HPDC process. Challenges lie in the process know-how and the precise temperature control to ensure process stability and reproducibility. In contrast to other semi-solid processes, the RheoMetal$^{TM}$ process achieves the semi-solid state by stirring in an enthalpy exchange material (EEM). This work compares component properties (engine mount) produced by standard HPDC and rheocasting, applying the RheoMetal$^{TM}$ process using an AlSi7MnMg alloy. The results of component testing and radioscopic examination reveal promising outcomes regarding process stability, pore formation, and component properties compared to the standard HPDC process.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Antibacterial polyurethane adhesives for medical applications(AGH University Press, 2026) Pitera, Dominika; Pilch-Pitera, Barbara; Woźny, Ireneusz; Krajewski, Dariusz; Ciszkowicz, Ewa; Bester, KarolIn this study, polyurethane prepolymers and two-component adhesive systems with antibacterial properties were synthesised and characterised for potential biomedical applications as tissue adhesives. The developed materials were designed to operate in moist biological environments and to provide simultaneous adhesive and antibacterial functions. The viscosity of the obtained prepolymers, measured using a Brookfield viscometer, ranged from 2.30 to 3.36 Pa·s, indicating favourable rheological properties for dosing, mixing, and application on tissue surfaces. The chemical structure of the crosslinked adhesives was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy, which revealed characteristic urethane bands and the absence of isocyanate groups, indicating complete conversion during curing. Contact angle measurements demonstrated the hydrophilic nature of the materials, suggesting good potential for adhesion to wet biological tissues. Mechanical characterisation showed medium hardness (medium-soft materials) and high adhesive strength exceeding 5 MPa, confirming suitable mechanical performance for tissue bonding applications. Antibacterial testing indicated that the incorporation of a biopolymer-based antimicrobial agent resulted in strong biocidal activity, outperforming conventional silver-based additives. The results demonstrate that the developed polyurethane-based adhesive systems combine favourable mechanical, physicochemical, and antibacterial properties, making them promising candidates for surgical applications.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Numerical optimisation of investment-cast wheel components for drone applications using MAGMASOFT®(AGH University Press, 2026) Jonthalaa, Joshua Samuel Isaac; Lelito, JanuszInvestment casting technology of thin-walled components for drone applications requires precise filling and solidification control to minimise porosity and ensure structural integrity. Porosity is one of the most common defects found in castings, and its prediction and analysis are essential for improving the quality of complex superalloy components. In this work, porosity-related defects were examined using the MAGMASOFT® 6.1 numerical simulation software for casting, focusing on the filling and solidification behaviour of an investment casting wheel body component in drone applications. A series of simulations were performed, and two design and simulation versions were developed, analysed and compared. The wheel body component selected for this work is made of IN713 superalloy. The numerical modelling included the assessment of porosity distribution, hot spot formation, filling behaviour, cooling, and solidification patterns. Fifteen combinations of alloy and shell initial temperatures were evaluated to determine the most favourable thermal conditions for reducing porosity, considering the specific geometry and casting characteristics of the wheel. Based on the initial results, the casting design was modified by adjusting the runner geometry and assembly configuration. This study introduces a two-stage simulation approach to optimise porosity reduction. The second version of the simulations demonstrated a noticeable reduction in pores, particularly in critical regions of the wheel body. The findings can support drone component manufacturers in improving casting reliability. The results confirm that simulation-driven optimisation of the casting design and thermal parameters can significantly improve the quality of the components produced by investment casting technology.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , The Influence of Modified Inorganic Binders Intended for 3D Printing on Selected Properties of Thermally Cured Moulding Sands – Conventionally and with Microwaves(AGH University Press, 2026) Halejcio, Dawid M.; Major-Gabryś, KatarzynaThis study determined the impact of thermal curing on the basic properties of moulding compounds made with commercial inorganic binders and binders based on them, modified for use in 3D printing technology (Binder Jetting). Two inorganic binders based on sodium silicate and a binder based on aluminosilicates were tested. As part of the work, the parameters for thermal curing of the mixtures were selected: for curing in a dryer, the best properties were obtained for mixtures containing 2.0 p.p.w. of binder cured for 10 min at 160°C. In the case of microwave curing, the best properties were obtained for moulding sands containing 2.0 p.p.w. of binder cured for 6 min at a device power of 800 W. The tests showed that the basic properties of moulding compounds with binders developed on the basis of commercial binders for use in 3D printing technology, thermally cured in a dryer, do not differ significantly from the properties of compounds with commercial binders. In the case of microwave curing, a reduction in the strength of compounds with new binders was observed in relation to compounds with classic binders. Thermal deformation tests of compounds with classic and modified binders confirmed the typical behavior observed for inorganic systems. It was proven that new, modified inorganic binders developed for 3D printing of moulds and cores using Binder Jetting technology can be used as binding materials in thermally cured moulding sands. Both thermal curing methods were assessed as suitable for curing moulding compounds with new binders.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Quaternionic Quantum Mechanics: the Particles, Their q-Potentials and Mathematical Electron Model(AGH University Press, 2026) Bożek, Bogusław; Danielewski, Marek; Sapa, LucjanIn this work we show the quaternionic quantum descriptions of physical processes from the Planck to macro scale. The results presented here are based on the concepts of the Cauchy continuum and the elementary cell at the Planck scale. The structurally symmetric quaternion relations and the postulate of the quaternion velocity have been important in the present development. The momentum of the expansion and compression $u̇_{0}(t, x)$ is the consequence of the scalar term $\sigma_{0}(t, x)$ in the quaternionic deformation potential. The quaternionic $G_{0}(m)(σ_{0} + \hat{\textstyle \phi} )$, vectorial $G_{0}(m) \hat{\textstyle \phi}$ and scalar $G_{0}(m)\sigma_{0}$ propagators are used to generate the second order PDE systems for the proton, electron and neutron. A mathematical model of an electron is formulated. It is described by the hyperbolic-elliptic partial differential system of quaternion equations with the initial-boundary conditions. The boundary conditions are generated by the quaternion energy flux that is found with the use of the Gauss theorem, the Cauchy–Riemann derivative and other mathematical formulas. The rigorous assessment of the second order PDE systems allows the proposal of two second order PDE systems for the $u$ and $d$ quarks from the up and down groups. It was verified that both the proton and the neutron obey experimental findings and are formed by three quarks. The proton and neutron are formed by the $d$-$u$-$u$ and $d$-$d$-$u$ complexes, respectively. The u and d quarks do not comply with the Cauchy equation of motion. The inconsistencies of the quarks’ PDE with the quaternion forms of the Cauchy equation of motion account for their short lifetime and the observed Quarks Chains. That is, they explain the Wilczek phenomenological paradox: Quarks are Born Free, but everywhere they are in Chains.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Influence of the Addition of Tellurium and Heat Treatment on the Microstructure of Hypoeutectic White Cast Iron(AGH University Press, 2025) Trela-Przybyło, Alicja; Kawalec, Magdalena; Górny, MarcinThis study investigates how the addition of tellurium and heat treatment affects the microstructure of hypoeutectic white cast iron that has been modified with alloying elements such as titanium, chromium and vanadium. Samples with different chemical compositions were prepared and subjected to a two-step heat treatment process. Microstructural characterisation was performed using optical and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that introducing tellurium significantly affects the morphology of the cementite and carbide phases, causing them to fragment and become more evenly distributed. Furthermore, heat treatment enhanced matrix refinement and promoted phase stability. The combination of tellurium addition and heat treatment produced the most favourable microstructures, characterised by the high dispersion of hard phases within a fine-grained matrix.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , The Implementation Potential of the Hybrid Hot Metal Desulfurization Model – The Transformation of Research Results into Technological Recommendations(AGH University Press, 2025) Podolska-Loska, Angelika; Falkus, JanThis study presents the development of a hybrid model for the desulfurization of hot metal using dual reagent injection of CaO and Mg, integrating thermodynamic equilibrium calculations with kinetic analysis based on Tank Theory. The objective is to provide practical technological recommendations that enable effective industrial application of the process. The model allows real-time simulation of sulfur concentration changes under varying parameters such as reagent dosage and mixing intensity, while an optimization module supports the selection of operating conditions by balancing desulfurization efficiency with material consumption and operational costs. The system adapts to changing technological conditions including feedstock composition and process temperature, ensuring flexibility in industrial practice. In addition to process control, the model incorporates economic evaluation by correlating reagent consumption with achieved technological outcomes, which enhances its practical value. The proposed solution represents a step toward intelligent desulfurization systems that combine the precision of physicochemical modeling with the adaptability of modern process control. Implementation of the hybrid model may lead to higher efficiency, reduced consumption of consumables, and stable achievement of target sulfur levels, thereby strengthening the economic competitiveness of iron production.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , The Influence of the Knock-out Additive on the Mechanical Properties of Cores Made in the Core Blowing Process(AGH University Press, 2025) Bobrowski, Artur; Kowalski, JakubThe article presents the results of research on the effect of an additive improving shakeout (perlite ore with a specified grain size) on the mechanical properties of cores produced by the blowing process. The study was conducted on cores (standard specimens for tensile strength testing) made from core sands with varying amounts of loosening additive, depending on the core box temperature and shooting time, at a constant operating pressure of the shooting machine. The temperature of the core box at which the cores achieved the best mechanical properties was identified, and the necessity of optimizing both the amount of perlite ore additive and the binder content in the core sand to ensure the required mechanical properties of the cores was demonstrated.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Reverse Engineering and Computer Modelling in Archaeometallurgy for the Reconstruction of Heritage Objects Using Precision Casting and 3D Printing(AGH University Press, 2025) Marlicka, Karolina; Fijołek, Andrzej; Garbacz-Klempka, Aldona; Piękoś, MarcinThis article presents an interdisciplinary approach to the reconstruction of a copper-alloy artefact using reverse engineering techniques combined with modern digital and manufacturing technologies. The research was motivated by the need to better understand historical casting techniques while preserving the integrity of cultural heritage objects through non-destructive methods. The study integrates 3D scanning, CAD-based modelling, numerical simulations, investment casting, and metal additive manufacturing. The geometry of the artefact was captured using high-resolution 3D scanning, enabling the development of two CAD models: one representing the preserved state of the object and a second reconstructed model with the missing fragment digitally restored. Both models were used for numerical simulations of mould filling, solidification, cooling, and porosity formation performed in MAGMASOFT® 6.1, allowing the assessment of technological feasibility and defect formation. Based on the simulation results, physical replicas were produced using investment casting and selective laser melting. The obtained numerical and experimental results were compared in terms of geometry reproduction, surface characteristics, and predicted versus observed casting behaviour. The study demonstrates that the combination of digital reconstruction, simulation tools, and experimental manufacturing provides a reliable framework for analysing historical metallurgical processes. The proposed methodology supports both scientific interpretation and the practical reconstruction of heritage objects and can be applied to a wide range of archaeometallurgical studies.