GEOLOGY, GEOPHYSICS & ENVIRONMENT

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repo.agh.edu.pl/handle/AGH/102748

Adres wydawniczy: Kraków : Wydawnictwa AGH, 2012-
O czasopiśmie: http://journals.agh.edu.pl/geol
ISSN: 2299-8004 e-ISSN: 2353-0790
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/geol
Poprzedni tytuł: Geologia (1975-2011)

Fields of science: environmental engineering, mining and energy (Engineering and Technology), biotechnology (Natural sciences), chemical sciences (Natural sciences), Earth and related environmental sciences (Natural sciences)

New! Aktualny numer: 2025 - Vol. 51 - No. 4

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Access status: Open Access ,
16 Międzynarodowe Sympozjum Solne Ouo Vadis Sal, 13-15 października 2011, Toruń
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2012) Czapowski, Grzegorz; Kortas, Grzegorz
Access status: Open Access ,
2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography interpretation ambiguity - example of field studies supported with analogue and numerical modelling
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2013) Bania, Grzegorz; Ćwiklik, Michał
Single Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) survey was carried out in the Manor and Park Complex in Nowa Huta (Krakow Branice, Poland). It was applied at a small distance and parallel to the longer wall of a monumental building containing an empty 3 m deep basement. Analogue modelling was performed in order to recreate the field study at the proper scale. The laboratory set-up consisted of a water tank where electrodes were mounted to the particular plate, which rested on water surface. The basement model was made out of a non-conducting material. The default and robust inversions were tested and these variants were also considered with the use of numerical modelling. Laboratory experiments have confirmed that zones visible in the interpreted field section are caused by the influence of the building cellar located next to the survey line. Zones of this kind are additionally disturbed by the local geological structure. The experiment has pointed out, among others, that as the distance between the survey line and the underground body increases, the inversion results are still burdened by an object influence. Thus, similar situations can be verified with the use of analogue modelling presented in this paper or 3D numerical one.
Access status: Open Access ,
3-dimensional surface magnetic susceptibility distributions with depth to investigate anthropogenic pollutants boundary in Abuja Metropolis
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2016) Jatto, Solomon Sunday; Sule, Peter Ojo; Ahmed, Lawal Aminu
Changes in the magnetic susceptibility of topsoil, especially in urban areas, are greatly affected by the deposition of anthropogenic metallic dust arising from industrial activities, the burning of fossil fuels, car wear, and tyre abrasion. In this study, magnetic susceptibility measurements were carried out in vertical soil profiles of 30.0 cm depth from the surface at 10.0 cm intervals in about 431 locations within the Abuja metropolis with a view to investigate the penetration ability of magnetic pollutants in the ground. From the obtained data, 3-D surface contour maps were plotted for different depths. The results show a magnetic susceptibility decrease from the surface down the ground to the depth of 30.0cm, most of the recorded susceptibilities were of an anthropogenic origin rather than pedogenic activities. This indicates that the anthropogenic dust depositions are mostly a surface phenomenon and may therefore not pose a risk to groundwater aquifers and near surface wells.
Access status: Open Access ,
3D block modelling of the Sin Quyen IOCG deposit, North Vietnam
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2023) Dương Văn, Hào; Nguyẽ̂n, Dinh Chau; Klityński, Wojciech; Zygo, Władysław; Nowak, Jakub
The IOCG Sin Quyen deposit is located in the Red River shear zone of North Vietnam. The ore bodies are known as hydrothermal veins and are hosted in Proterozoic metapelite. A block modelling approach was used to build a 3D model of the ore bodies. An analysis was carried out on Surfer® 11 computer software using the archival data recorded from several dozen boreholes distributed within the study area, as well as data obtained from the mineral and chemical analysis of 50 samples collected recently in the deposit. The ore bodies generally trend in a NW-SE direction with an average azimuth of 107° and dip of around 70°. The Cu content in the ore bodies is inhomogeneous. In the bed extension direction, the exponential correlation of Cu concentration in ore bodies is recognized within 2,500 m, while in the direction perpendicular to the bed strike, the exponential dependence is observed on 500 m of distance. The high-grade mineralisation of copper within the ore bodies is often at the altitude interval from ∼100 m to ∼150 m above sea level (asl). These bodies are also rich in uranium and gold bearing minerals. The total resources of Cu, U and Ag were estimated and amount to 361,000; 12.7 and 11.87 tonnes respectively. The model indicates the downward extension of some ore bodies to below 300 m beneath the ground surface.
Access status: Open Access ,
A Big Data processing strategy for hybrid interpretation of flood embankment multisensor data
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2016) Chuchro, Monika; Franczyk, Anna; Dwornik, Maciej; Leśniak, Andrzej
The assessment of flood embankments is a key component of a country’s comprehensive flood protection. Proper and early information on the possible instability of a flood embankment can make it possible to take preventative action. The assessment method proposed by the ISMOP project is based on a strategy of processing huge data sets (Big Data). The detection of flood embankment anomalies can take two analysis paths. The first involves the computation of numerical models and comparing them with real data measured on a flood embankment. This is the path of model-driven analysis. The second solution is data-driven, meaning time series are analysed in order to detect deviations from average values. Flood embankments are assessed based on the results of model-driven and data-driven analyses and information from preprocessing. An alarm is triggered if a critical value is exceeded in one or both paths of analysis. Tests on synthetic data demonstrate the high efficiency of the chosen methods for assessing the state of flood embankments.
Access status: Open Access ,
A characterisation of the geothermal potential of the Muschelkalk deposits’ location, with the prospective of its utilization in balneology and recreation (southern Poland)
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2015) Gancarz, Marzena
Analysis of the geothermal potential of the Muschelkalk deposits was carried out from the point of view of utilising hot groundwater in balneology and recreation. As a result of a number of analytical studies, the area situated in the southern part of the Polish Lowland was selected as one of the prospective areas for the location of geothermal intakes. This area encompasses the southern part of the Fore-Sudetic Monocline, the southern part of the Łódź Trough and a small section of the Miechowska Trough. The deposits are buried at depths of between 500 m b.s.l and 1500 m b.s.l. Their thickness varys from 100 m to 300 m. The temperature at the top in most cases is about 30-50°C. TDS in most cases does not exceed 60 g/dm$^{3}$ Mineralised water flood tide is from 0.4 m$^{3}$/h to 13.8 m$^{3}$/h Porosity is between 9% and 23%, and permeability is from 25 mD to 340 mD. As a result of the analyses, the most favourable conditions for development of balneotherapy and recreation in the Muschelkalk deposits in the three locations of the selected area were found to be where the boreholes Trzebnica IG-1 (first area), Wierzchlas 3, Rzeki IG-1 (second area) and Trzonów 2 (third area) were located.
Access status: Open Access ,
A comparative study on the removal of Pb(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and As(V) by natural, acid activated and calcinated halloysite
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2015) Maziarz, Paulina; Prokop, Anna; Matusik, Jakub
With the intensive development of the global industry trace elements like lead, zinc, cadmium and arsenic spread and infiltrate into soil and water, what results in contamination.
Access status: Open Access ,
A determination of areas of biocorrosion development on the route of a main gas pipeline in the Western region of Ukraine
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2020) Polutrenko, Myroslava; Kryzhanivs'kyy, Yevstakhiy; Federovych, Yaroslav
A determination of soil corrosivity on three sections of a main gas pipeline in the Western region of Ukraine has been carried out. We have distinguished areas of development of biocorrosive processes with the participation of sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Soil evaluation by the degree of corrosivity has been conducted. We used weight, titrimetric, gravimetric methods, pH-metry, ten-fold limit dilution method and Postgate nutrient medium B for culturing SRB. It has been established that the soil in the first area selected along the lower generatrix of the main gas pipeline has a high degree of corrosivity. It was ascertained that corrosive metal damage increases in the »ferrozone« with the growth of metal exposition time from 24 to 72 hours. The soil selected in the middle part and from above the pipeline refers to soils with a normal degree of corrosive activity. Innovative biostable insulating coatings based on bituminous-polymerous mastic MBPID-1 have been developed, modified with organic inhibitors from the class of quaternary ammonium salts and amines. Regularities of influence of nature of nitrogen-containing corrosion inhibitors of industrial production M, N, L, H and K on the corrosion rate of 17G1S steel for 180 days have been established. It was found that the corrosion rate of steel specimens remained unchanged throughout the study in variants with the presence of inhibitors H and K in the test systems, which indicated their bioresistance to the effect of SRB bacteria.
Access status: Open Access ,
A geological interpretation of geophysical self-potential anomalies in the Radzimowice ore district, Sudetes, south-western Poland
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2016) Sobotka, Jerzy; Farbisz-Michałek, Marzena
The analysis of the geophysical surveys results carried out in the Radzimowice area reveals that the anomalous zones of significant SP (self-potential) anomalies of natural SP fields do not substantially find a reflection in existing geological papers. Confrontation of existing geological elaborations with the results of SP analysis shows that the selfpotential studies expose significant elements of geological setting – i.e. run of faults, lithological boundaries, occurrence of ore mineralization – which can be helpful in clarifying the geological setting of the area. In the study, archived self-potential data were used and additionally new SP measurements were executed to justify their treatment as a valuable source of information.
Access status: Open Access ,
A history of interdisciplinary research on Lake Wigry
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2021) Aleksander-Kwaterczak, Urszula; Król, Katarzyna
Lake Wigry is one of the best explored lakes in Poland, a feat which has been achieved thanks to the passion and efforts of numerous scientists. This tremendous endeavour was supervised and coordinated by Professor Jacek Rutkowski and January 2021 marked the fifth anniversary of the professor’s death. To mark this occasion, a history of research on the lake was compiled on the basis of oral accounts and an overview of the works that have been created thanks to his ideas, supervision, and boundless empathy. It is crucial to continue the research, since it will allow for the even better protection of the environment, as well as the natural and landscape attributes of the Wigry region.
Access status: Open Access ,
A new agglutinated foraminiferal species (Arenoturrispirillina waskowskae sp. nov.) from the Danian of Contessa, Italy
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2022) Hikmahtiar, Syouma; Kaminski, Michael A.
This paper describes a new Paleogene deep-water agglutinated foraminifera from the Contessa Highway Section, Umbria-Marche Basin, Italy. The new species Arenoturrispirillina waskowskae is characterised by its predominently high trochospiral coiling, which distinguishes it from the genus Glomospira. The new species is also found in the Polish Carpathians.
Access status: Open Access ,
A new approach in skin effect and storativity estimation from pumping test data with low pumping rates
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2016) Nedvěd, Jakub
Pumping test are supposed to be one of the best ways of determining hydraulic parameters of examined aquifer.
Access status: Open Access ,
A new empirical correlation for estimating bubble point pressure using the genetic algorithm
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2017) Heidarian, Mohamad; Karimnezhad, Masoud; Schaffie, Mahin; Ranjbar, Mohammad
In this paper, a new and more accurate correlation to predict bubble point pressure (P$_{b}$) for Middle East crudes by using the genetic algorithm (GA) is attempted. For this purpose, a total of 286 data sets of different crude oils from Middle East reservoirs were used as training data for constructing the correlation. The general form of the correlation was found by several regressive examinations. To improve the correlation, the genetic algorithm was applied. To validate the correlation, 143 data sets of different crudes from Middle East reservoirs which were different from the training data were used as test data for calculating mean absolute relative error (MARE) and correlation coefficient (R$^{2}$) between the predicted values from the proposed correlation and the experimental values. In addition, the MARE and R$^{2}$ were calculated for previous correlation in the test data. The results show that the proposed correlation is more accurate than all of the previous correlations exclusively for Middle East crudes.
Access status: Open Access ,
A palynology and paleoenvironmental study of a section from the Amansiodo-1 well, Anambra Basin, southeastern Nigeria
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2017) Chukwuma-Orji, Jacinta Nkiru; Okosun, Edward Agboneni; Ekom, Joseph Clement; Abolarin, James Femi
Palynological analysis was carried out on twenty (20) ditch cutting samples from a section (1284.73–1496.57 m) of the Amansiodo-1 well, Anambra Basin, southeastern Nigeria with the aim of determining the age, biozone, and depositional environment of the sediments within the depth interval. The laboratory techniques of digesting sediments in hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids for silicates and carbonates removal were followed to process the samples for the recovery of palynomorphs. Fifty two (52) palynomorph specimens were recovered. An assemblage zone of Echitriporites trianguliformis Zone has been established. The section was dated to the upper Maastrichtian due to the occurrences of age diagnostic marker species such as: Cingulatisporites ornatus, Distaverrusporites simplex, Proteacidites sigalii, Dinogymnium cf auclaense, Echitriporites trianguliformis and Retidiporites magdalensis. Based on the palynomorph marine index and environmental indicator flora, the section was inferred to be deposited in marine to brackish (coastal) environments with little influence of fresh water.
Access status: Open Access ,
A preliminary assessment of soil sulphur contamination and vegetations in the vicinity of former boreholes on the afforested post-mine site Jeziórko
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2015) Likus-Cieślik, Justyna; Pietrzykowski, Marcin; Śliwińska-Siuśta, Martyna; Krzaklewski, Wojciech; Szostak, Marta
The work aims to assess the degree of soil sulphur contamination of the various abandoned reclamation efficiencies, within the microhabitats formed in the »Jeziórko« inoperative boreholes of former sulphur-mining areas. These areas have been reclaimed to the forest. Three plot categories were initially determined in the post-mining areas: category D – degraded, i.e. ineffectively reclaimed and unsuccessfully afforested plots, with low cover-abundance or complete lack of vegetation, category (P) – pine stands and category (B) – birch stands successfully aff orested. Afterwards, four circular plots were defined within each of the determined categories (4 replications, i.e. a total of 12 plots). For each plot, cover-abundance (according to the Braun-Blanquet scale) and dominant herbaceous vegetation species, tree species and stand density were determined. Height (Ht) and diameter at breast height (DBH) measurements were taken, and a vitality assessment was completed, according to the IUFRO classification. Soil samples were collected at each plot, in five points, at two different depths (0–5 cm and 5–40 cm). Finally, laboratory analysis was undertaken. Soil properties such as texture, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), hydrolytic acidity (Hh), the contents of soil organic carbon SOC, total nitrogen TN, total sulphur TS, and exchangeable cations ($Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $K^{+}$ , $Na^{+}$) were determined. Soils from the D plot category were characterised by high sulphur contamination, excess salinity (EC) and strong acidity in top soil. These parameters indicated that completed neutralization was not performed effectively at certain sites. Pine (P) and birch (B) stands categories showed good growth rates and soil parameters, indicating that the reclamation treatments were completed successfully.
Access status: Open Access ,
A Raman spectroscopic study of hydroxyl analogues of pyromorphite-mimetite solid solutions
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Giera, Alicja; Manecki, Maciej; Kwaśniak-Kominek, Monika; Marchlewski, Tomasz; Borkiewicz, Olaf; Rakovan, John Francis
Pyromorphite $Pb_{10}(PO_{4})_{6}Cl_{2}$ and mimetite $Pb_{10}(AsO_{4})_{6}Cl_{2}$, minerals belonging to apatite group, receive increased attention recently. Induced precipitation of pyromorphite and mimetite in soil pore solutions or waste solutions belongs to the best remediation and reclamation methods (Ma et al. 1995, Maniecki et al. 2009).
Access status: Open Access ,
A record of Eocene subaqueous large-scale mass movements in the external Tethys Ocean (Skyba Nappe, Outer Carpathians, Ukraine)
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2025) Waśkowska, Anna; Hnylko, Svitlana; Kowal-Kasprzyk, Justyna; Golonka, Jan; Słomka, Tadeusz; Hnylko, Oleh; Heneralova, Larysa; Pilarz, Monika
Studies were carried out on the Popeli Beds, which were mainly deposited by mass movements along the northern slope of the Tethys Ocean and form an olistostrome sequence occurring within Paleogene deposits. The analysis focuses on the deposits exposed in the northern limb of the Pobuk Syncline – the structural element of the Oriv Skyba – in the external zones of the Skyba (Skole) Nappe. Structural, lithological, sedimentological and paleontological studies allowed for the identification and characterisation of the olistostrome sequence and revealed its structure. Six individual olistostrome complexes were distinguished and described in detail. Five of these are gravelly mudstoneswith oversized clasts, overlain by medium-bedded mudstones and sandstones, the last one consists of deformed packages of thin bedded mudstones and sandstones. The olistostrome sequence is composed of a wide range of lithological and stratigraphic components, including Tithonian – Berriasian shallow- water limestones (so-called Štramberk-type limestones), Upper Cretaceous limestones, sandstones, and siliceous rocks, as well as Paleogene mudstones, sandstones, limestones, and marls. Biostratigraphic analysis of foraminifera indicates the Bartonian as the time of displacement. The olistostrome niche migrated downslope from a lower shelf-upper slope position characterized by marl sedimentation, to slope areas dominated by turbidite sedimentation.
Access status: Open Access ,
A regurgitalite of the Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk) from Upper Silesia (Poland)
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2021) Niedźwiedzki, Robert; Surmik, Dawid; Chećko, Agnieszka; Salamon, Mariusz A.
A bromalite from the Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk) of southern Poland, Sadowa Góra Quarry, is herein described and interpreted as a regurgitalite. The fossils occurring within the regurgitalite are angular and have sharp edges. They are represented by common fragments of thin-shelled bivalves as well as rare crinoid and gastropod remains. The composition of the collected inclusion is different from that of the host rock. There are many candidates that could have produced the regurgitalite, including durophagous sharks, marine reptiles, the actinopterygian Colobodus, or nautiloids. Our finding adds to the emerging evidence of durophagous predation in the Triassic sea of Polish part of the Germanic Basin. It is the second record of a regurgitalite from the Muschelkalk of Upper Silesia.
Access status: Open Access ,
A three-component model of kerogen kinetics on the example of the Menilite Beds
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2025) Słoczyński, Tomasz; Matyasik, Irena; Spunda, Karol
This paper presents the concept of constructing three-component kinetic models of kerogen. The method was developed based on the kinetic mass model constructed from Rock-Eval pyrolysis and Py-GC analysis results. The parameters of the discrete function describing the distribution of activation energy (Ea) and the constant values of the reaction rate (A) for the mass model were optimized based on the results of Rock-Eval pyrolysis in the Kinetics15 program. With the aid of multistage isothermal pyrolysis of Py-GC performed for the same duration at different temperatures, the percentages of each hydrocarbon fraction obtained during the successive stages of pyrolysis were determined. The determined fractions were assigned an appropriate (resulting from the mass model) value of activation energy. The multi-component kinetic model of kerogen constructed in this way enabled the calculation of the shares of individual hydrocarbon fractions generated at different stages of thermal transformation of the source rocks. Simulations of the composition of generated hydrocarbons for the developed model were carried out in the Petro-Mod Kinetic Editor. The results of the simulation justified the creation of multi-component kinetic models for each of the potential source formations located in the study area. Their implementation into the petroleum system model makes it possible to not only forecast the total amount of generated hydrocarbons but also the dynamics of the generation process and the shares of the generated fractions at various stages of thermal transformation of the source rocks. The research material consisted of Menilite source rocks samples, which are considered to be the main source of hydrocarbon accumulations in the Outer Carpathians.
Access status: Open Access ,
A web-based system for collecting and analysing of geological outcrops
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2012) Lupa, Michał; Sarlej, Wojciech; Bagnicki, Łukasz; Szloch, Andrzej; Piórkowski, Adam
The evolution of computer technology has created possibility to build digital catalog of geological outcrops cards - the geological data bank. In the recent times, the milestone event in the computer cartography was the release of Google Maps service (2005) and more accurately - geoservices, called web map services. These services were based on software (both commercial and open source) called map servers (Nowacki & Opach, 2009).