Studia Humanistyczne AGH
Loading...
ISSN 2084-3364
e-ISSN: 2300-7109
Issue Date
2014
Volume
T. 13
Number
Nr 2
Description
Journal Volume
Studia Humanistyczne AGH
T. 13 (2014)
Projects
Pages
Articles
O dyskursie archeologiczno-socjologicznym
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Kadrow, Sławomir; Wojakowski, Dariusz
The article tries to show fundamental theoretic and cognitive issues, that seem common for archeology and sociology. Their existence allows not only to implement a common scientific discourse, but also it may inspire the growth of each discipline. As far as we are concerned, common reflection upon meaning of »things« for the existence of social world, and recognition of mechanisms that create everyday life is exceptionally inspiring. Moreover, both disciplines have similar experiences with multiplicity of theoretical-methodological paradigms and contend with the issue of change and continuity of culture (using different time perspectives).
Prospołeczna, partycypacyjna i »wspólnotowa« archeologia bliskiej przeszłości jako sposób na nadawanie sensu trwaniu (ludzi i rzeczy) oraz jako antidotum na niedostatki wiedzy i trywializację przeszłości
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Zalewska, Anna
In an attempt to demonstrate the value and specificity of the archaeology of the close past (which only to some extent corresponds to determinations already functioning in the scientific discourse, such as the archaeology of modernity, historical archaeology, or the archaeology of us), I highlight in this article the areas where archaeology somewhat naturally intertwines with anthropological and sociological reflection. Beside several observations pertaining to general archaeological theory I provide some insights into revealing the entanglement between people and things and dependence of people on things. Subsequently, I present some arguments that archaeology (seen simultaneously as the way of obtaining the thorough knowledge of the distant and near past and as the social practice) is fundamentally tied to the present. My observations in terms of the relations between society and archaeology have been inspired by so-called community archaeology, whose premise is to methodologically encourage its treatment as a directive, also in the Polish context. In the subsequent part of the article, as the exemplification of theoretical assumptions, the authoring program titled Roadside Lessons of History is presented. Trough the implementation of that program I am trying to prove social usefulness and efficacy of material remains of the past, and of archeology. I also confront particular social contexts in which the material remains of the Great War function, of which one (the region of Rawka and Bzura Rivers) is characterised by the fact that the relatively close proximity of the material remains is only really a matter of chronology, whereas in the other (Flanders Fields in Belgium), aside from the »youth« of the record, this closeness proximity is also a matter of various processes that deepen the connection between the present and the past. Finally, in my conclusions I reflect on the validity of treating the social circulation of archaeological knowledge as an integral element of the archaeological practice itself, in a process which I propose to describe as socialisation of archaeology within which the significant role is played among other, by the podepositional processes.
Ukraińcy grekokatolicy i Polacy mariawici wśród Polaków rzymskich katolików. Lokalne zróżnicowanie społeczne i mechanizmy jego utrzymywania w perspektywie porównawczej
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Herman, Aleksandra
The aim of the analysis is to compare the local social differentiation in two culturally heterogeneous communities: 1) two-denominational and 2) two-denominational and two-national. The study focused on local mechanisms of the maintenance of differentiation. Comparative approach allowed capture of contextual conditions. The study included the areas of life where the intersection of the private and public spheres occurs. It was found that local mechanisms maintaining the differentiation lead to the phenomenon of bestowing public significance to private choices or even to sanctioning them by the public opinion. For this reason, the analysis focuses on the following areas of local social life: the genesis of local divisions and its social memory, marriage selection, political power and schools. Among the conclusions it should be noted that the depth of social division is not determined by the multiplication of differences but rather by the origin of divisions and social memory. There is larger toleration of the »mixed« identity (of the nuclear family or even of individuals) in the community of two-dimensional social diversity but with the shared experience of uprooting (among minority and majority). The research has confirmed better political minority self-organization, which can then affect political mobilisation of the majority. Finally, a way of institutionalization of differentiation in local schools (different ways of segregation) plays a significant role in the socialization to the local dualism.
Research on the Pueblo culture settlement system from the North American Southwest: results of the Sand Canyon-Castle Rock Community Archaeological Project
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Palonka, Radosław
Investigating ancient Pueblo culture from the North American Southwest is challenging task involving cooperation of scientists from different disciplines, mainly archaeology, history, anthropology, and linguistics. There is also a large body of information in native oral tradition that has enormous potential for enriching our knowledge of the past and our understanding of how Pueblo societies functioned. The paper focuses on one of the most intriguing periods of Pueblo Indians culture, the thirteenth century A.D., in the central Mesa Verde region on present Utah-Colorado border. It was the time of great development of Pueblo societies and close to the century fall of the settlement system and total migration from the area to what is present-day Arizona and New Mexico. One of the projects in the area is Sand Canyon-Castle Rock Community Archaeological Project. The project focuses on analysis and reconstruction of the settlement structure and socio-cultural changes that took place in Pueblo culture during the thirteenth century A.D. in Sand Canyon, Rock Creek Canyon and several other small canyons located in one subarea within the Mesa Verde region, Colorado.
Proces odrodzenia praw amerykańskich ludów rdzennych na przykładzie »prawa do ziemi« kanadyjskich Inuitów
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Bonusiak, Grzegorz
The Inuit lives in the areas attending along the Arctic Circle, from the Aleutians and Alaska, the northern part of Canada, to belonging to Denmark Greenland. The census of 2006 showed there is about 50 thousand of Inuit in Canada. In the second half of the twentieth century they joined the efforts to change the situation of indigenous peoples residing in the territory of Canada. Initially marginalized and neglected by the white majority, they were able to resist the dominant culture and maintain their own individuality, and even to earn the right to decide of their own fate. They have successfully used the processes occurring in the international arena and domestic politics in Canada, combining their efforts with those of the American Indians. As with other aboriginal people around the world, for the Inuit an extremely important issue was the possession and use of land and its resources. The crowning of their efforts was the creation from the areas inhabited by them a separate territory of Nunavut. This paper presents the process of revival of the Canadian Inuit and the current scope of their autonomy. It draws attention to the conditions and processes linking them with the American Indians and the Métis, and to the issues and consequences of differences in the fate and status of the Inuit. The problem of »land rights« and different from European understanding of it was particularly brought into prominence.