Geologia
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ISSN 0138-0974
e-ISSN: 2353-0782
Issue Date
2010
Volume
T. 36
Number
Nr 3
Description
Journal Volume
Geologia
T. 36 (2010)
Projects
Pages
Articles
Eksploatacja soli potasowych w Małopolsce wschodniej w czasach II Rzeczpospolitej - przyczynek do historii górnictwa solnego na Podkarpaciu
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2010) Poborska-Młynarska, Katarzyna; Andrusikiewicz, Wacław
Potash deposits are not presently extracted in Poland. However, during the interwar period (1921-1939), the extraction and processing of potassium and magnesium salts - mainly sylvinite, langbeinitite and kainitite - took place in eastern Małopolska. The potash mines, operated by Society for the Exploitation of Potassium Salt (TESP), existed in Kałusz, Stebnik and Hołyń. Salt was extracted by a method of chamber mining with the use of drilling and blasting techniques, sometimes with rock or hydraulic fill transported from the processing plant. In 1938 the total output of the mines reached 567 000 tonnes of salt, with 2300 people employed. The outbreak of World War II put a definite end to this episode of Polish potash mining.
Budowa geologiczna i techniki eksploatacji złoża w wyrobiskach nowej trasy specjalistycznej w Kopalni Soli »Wieliczka«
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2010) d'Obyrn, Kajetan; Przybyło, Jerzy; Wiewiórka, Wiesław
Since centuries the Wieliczka Salt Mine has been open to visitors. Many-year collaboration with the Polish and world universities and research institutes, and also growing popularity of the active tourism, led to the opening of undergrounds excavation chambers off the existing regular tourist route. In spring of 2009 the decision about preparing the route for the specialists' groups was made. The route illustrates different methods of salt excavation with interesting exposures of the salt deposit geological structure. Finally, the new ca. 3400-m long route leads along levels I, II and III of the central and eastern part of the mine. The paper describes geological and mining aspects presented to visitors. It also explains the hydrological conditions and presents attractive locations of the halite re-crystallization sites.
Mineralogiczno-geochemiczna charakterystyka produktów korozji żelaza z Kopalni Soli »Wieliczka«
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2010) Malinowski, Łukasz; Sawłowicz, Zbigniew; Przybyło, Jerzy
Corrosion is a process of physico-chemical destruction of metals under the influence of surrounding environment. In a salt mine, where the salinity of air and water is high, the destruction is very fast and efficient. Metal fragments (pipes, chain), at different progress of corrosion, were collected underground in the Wieliczka Salt Mine. Two main layers of corrosion were distinguished (external »A« and internal »B«), each of them was further subdivided into two sublayers. In addition, black blebs, present on the surface of different metal fragments, were studied. XRD determinations showed that the studied layers were composed of different amounts of: akaganeite, hematite, goethite, halite, magnetite, and subordinate amounts of lepidocrockite. The mineral composition greatly affects the color of the layers. SEM-EDS studies revealed various morphological forms of different chemical composition.
Od modelu do numerycznej mapy przestrzennej
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2010) Maciaszek, Jadwiga ; Gawałkiewicz, Rafał ; Gawałkiewicz, Izabela
The development of mining digital cartography includes automation of making maps based on the information contained in databases, clear layout and legibility of their content, wider introduction of 3D models of large fragments of mines, application of new measurement techniques (e.g. laser scanning) in obtaining data for these maps. The authors present types of 3D models, discuss the deformations resulting from the application of the projection and give the examples of the modelling of objects connected with salt mining.
Inkluzje w solach bitumicznych wysadu kłodawskiego
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2010) Toboła, Tomasz
The so-called bituminous salts are a kind of salt rocks, which display considerable amounts of hydrocarbons giving them a specific colour and smell. In Kłodawa Salt Dome they occur as concentrations of various size and shape. Most often they form irregular streaks, lenses or bands of salts with different colours changing from light yellow to dark brown. The petrological investigations of such salts in thick plates showed a presence of very different fluid inclusion assemblages (FIA). They vary in size of inclusions, their shapes, the ratio of the gas to liquid phase and the ratio of solutions to hydrocarbons. In this respect, seven main types of FIA were distinguished including intermediate types, as well. Hydrocarbons occurring in singular FIA also show diversity in terms of optical properties in visible and ultraviolet light.