Studia Humanistyczne AGH
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ISSN 2084-3364
e-ISSN: 2300-7109
Issue Date
2013
Volume
T. 12
Number
Nr 2
Description
Journal Volume
Studia Humanistyczne AGH
T. 12 (2013)
Projects
Pages
Articles
Media infiltration - urban media in space and time
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2013) Kopecka-Piech, Katarzyna
The article examines relations between new media and the city in spatial and temporal dimensions. A process of media infiltration is analyzed using several examples and illustrations. Spatial infiltration is characterized by a created typology of physical, virtual and augmented media infiltration. It describes some of the processes of personal and social semiotization, as well as visibility, invisibility and quasi-visibility of media elements as typical features of media infiltration. The reflection on this leads to an explanation of complex relations between spatial infiltration and hybrid time emerging from new media usage. Tempo, rhythm and acceleration represent categories of the complex relations between mobility, temporality and spatiality. The article analytically explores creative, social and technological possibilities of new urban media and mediated practices, rather than indicating the critical implications of them.
From unemployment to running one's own business: the ideational embeddedness of entrepreneurship in Polish and EU public policy
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2013) Dudek, Michał
Nowadays the entrepreneurship phenomenon is of great importance. Small business is considered a critical factor of economic progress, innovation, and employment growth. Its economic significance implies both a certain policy shape and specific social practice. The process of setting up. maintaining and developing firms has become a subject of common approval and growing legitimization as well as of intensive governmental support in various forms. In public debate and public policy, the idea of deregulation, relating to actions limiting the administrative barriers for entrepreneurs, is justified based on neoclassical economic theory. However, both in the public debate and public policy, providing entrepreneurs with subsidies and other kind of support is based on the interventionism doctrine. Therefore, an ideational entrepreneurship system is created at the public authority level which seeks to explain and justify a certain shape of support policy for entrepreneurs. The paper argues that entrepreneurship could be perceived as an ideational embedded economic action. In order to illustrate the ideational embeddedness of entrepreneurship, EU and Polish public policy discourse form 2000-2010 was analysed. The objects of qualitative discourse analysis were, among others, governmental documents, strategies. and public statements.
Institutional change from a historical institutionalist perspective
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2013) Leśniak, Tomasz
In this article, I argue that historical institutionalist concepts such as »path dependency«, »critical junctures« and »feedback mechanisms« are vital for explaining institutional change. First, I describe the emergence of different »new institutionalist« approaches as a reaction against the domination of behavioralism in political science. Moreover. I show that new institutionalists transcend the limits of old institutionalism. as they include in the analysis both formal and informal institutions, and elaborate theories of institutional emergence and change. In the second section of the article, I discuss the main assumptions of historical institutionalism and its conception of institutional change. To grasp the distinctive character of the latter, I compare it with the conception of institutional change in rational choice institutionalism.
A terrible structuralist wisdom: how language affects the identity of an emigrant. Case study based on the autobiography »Lost in translation« by Eva Hoffman
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2013) Szepe, Agata
This essay is a case study about linguistic mechanisms that affect an emigrant's life. The research is based on the autobiography <i>Lost in Translation</i> by the Polish emigrant Eva Hoffman, analyzed with the use of theories of the structural linguistic school. According to the research, some linguistic rules influence her life very deeply. She communicates poorly because the <i>expression</i> of new language corresponds with different <i>content</i> from the native language, creating another <i>form</i>. Eva starts to treat daily communication like a written <i>text</i>, in the meaning used by Roland Barthes, which results in alienation. However, some linguistic principles such as <i>the arbitrary nature of a sign</i> or inseparability of <i>signifiant</i> and <i>signifie</i> do not affect her at all. She deepens her understanding of both her mother tongue and the new one by linguistic terms such as translation describing, defining and finding synonyms and tries to find her own identities using expressions such as <i>I</i>, <i>you</i>, <i>here</i>, <i>near</i>, and <i>far</i>, belonging to <i>linguistic universals</i>. Her identity is an <i>identity-in-progress</i> because she replaces her old home with a new <i>center of the world</i>. The old home remains a <i>heterotopia</i> while an emigrant changes her onceptions connected with the words <i>here</i>, <i>there</i>, <i>near</i>, and <i>far</i>.
Ethnic identity and linguistic practices of Romanians and Moldovans (on the example of Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine)
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2013) Šestakova, Katerina
In Ukraine, Chernivtsi Oblast can be observed as a region of mixed ethnic structure. As a result of historical context, the region seems to have a linguistic specificity. Based on the example of Romanians and Moldovans living in this region, we can see that ones mother tongue performs both communicative and symbolic functions (which is an important element of ethnic identity). As an element of ethnic identity the mother tongue becomes very important, especially while entering the linguistic space through language practices, and especially when entering a Slavic tongue (Ukrainian and Russian). Romanians do not have problems with defining their own language and ethnicity. Some Moldovans use both names of the mother tongue (Moldovan or Romanian), and accordingly declare two ethnic affiliations. This practice is a result of the development of Romanian and Moldovan cultures in two different geopolitical areas, which exerts a significant influence on both ethnic groups.