Kopyściański, Mateusz
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Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Development of PV panel recycling process enabling complete recyclability of end-of-life silicon photovoltaic panels(2025) Nalluri, Srinath; Kuśmierczyk, Filip; Leow, Shin Woei; Reindl, Thomas; Padhamnath, Pradeep; Kopyściański, Mateusz; Karbowniczek, Joanna; Kozieł, Tomasz
Wydział Inżynierii Metali i Informatyki PrzemysłowejThe cumulative PV panel waste is expected to reach ≈8 million tonnes by 2030 and ≈ 80 million tonnes by 2050. This presents an opportunity to pursue new avenues in terms of recycling and improving the circularity of the PV panels. In this work we present experimental results for recycling c-Si PV panels using recently developed electrohydraulic shock-wave fragmentation (EHF) of PV panels. The EHF process allows for the recovery of all materials used in the manufacturing of PV panels. We use different types of panels for the recycling process and analyse the material recoverability in each condition. Further, we analyse the effectiveness of chemical treatment in isolating metals from the silicon obtained from recycled c-Si PV panels, providing an opportunity of recovering high quality metal and silicon. The separation process allows for the high-quality material recovery and could potentially improve the economic feasibility of the overall recycling process.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Electrohydraulic fragmentation processing enabling separation and recovery of all components in end-of-life silicon photovoltaic panels(2025) Padhamnath, Pradeep; Nalluri, Srinath; Kuśmierczyk, Filip; Kopyściański, Mateusz; Karbowniczek, Joanna; Leow, Shin Woei; Reindl, Thomas
Wydział Inżynierii Metali i Informatyki PrzemysłowejThe exponential increased use of PV panels for energy production would also lead to enormous volumes of PV waste that need to be dealt with in an environmentally responsible manner. In this work we present experimental results for recycling crystalline silicon (c-Si) PV panels using recently developed electrohydraulic shock wave-based fragmentation of PV panels. The electrohydraulic fragmentation process allows for the efficient delamination of the modules and subsequent recovery of almost all valuable materials used in the manufacturing of PV panels, without thermally decomposing the polymers and eliminates creation of any toxic or hazardous waste during the process. We study the impact of the type of panel, size of the feed material and process duration on the quantity and quality of material recovered after the process.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Realization of a Novel FeSiAlCuSn Multicomponent Alloy and Characterization of Intermetallic Phases Formed at Different Temperatures During Cooling(2025) Kuśmierczyk, Filip; Padhamnath, Pradeep; Kopyściański, Mateusz; Gondek, Łukasz; Migas, Piotr; Karbowniczek, Mirosław
Wydział Inżynierii Metali i Informatyki PrzemysłowejFerrosilicon (FeSi) is a commercially important material with multiple uses in metallurgical processes. Recently, in an attempt to reduce the carbon impact of the FeSi production process, researchers have proposed using recycled Si recovered from electronic waste in the production of FeSi. However, Si recovered from electronic waste usually contains Al, Cu, and Sn as impurities. Hence, FeSi alloys produced with recycled Si from electronic waste may contain all these elements in varying proportions. Al, Cu, and Sn have been explored as alloying elements to produce alloys with Fe. FeSiAl alloys have also been studied recently for their superior properties. In this work, a multicomponent FeSiAlCuSn alloy is produced, and the phases formed at different temperatures are analyzed using different phase identification techniques. We also analyze the hardness of the multicomponent alloy to find any deviation from the standard FeSi alloy without the additional alloying elements. Understanding the phases and the composition of such alloys may help design future multi-component or high-entropy alloys involving Fe, Si, Al, Cu, and Sn for specific applications.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Technologies for resource-efficient recycling of end-of-life crystalline silicon photovoltaic panels(2025) Nalluri, Srinath; Kuśmierczyk, Filip; Padhamnath, Pradeep; Kopyściański, Mateusz; Karbowniczek, Mirosław
Wydział Inżynierii Metali i Informatyki PrzemysłowejGlobal PV installations recently crossed the terawatt scale. The growth of photovoltaic (PV) installations is an important and desirable element in generating clean electricity and combating climate change. However, with increased use of PV panels for energy production enormous volumes of PV waste would be generated that would need to be dealt with in an environmentally responsible manner. In this work we present early-stage research results based on experiments conducted with recycling end-of-life (EOL) crystalline silicon (c-Si) PV panels promoting resource efficiency and circularity. We explore experimental pathways for both close-loop and open-loop recycling of EOL PV panels. For closed-loop recycling we present experimental results using the recently developed electrohydraulic shock wave-based fragmentation (EHF) of PV panels. The EHF process allows for the recovery of almost all valuable materials used in the manufacturing of PV panels. We further provide a succinct literature review for further downstream treatment of the end products obtained after EHF processing of EOL PV panels to recover precious metals such as Silver. For open-loop recycling, we propose using the panels in the production of ferrosilicon compounds, thereby reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases accompanied with their production. Through experiments it was onbserved that the size of the recycled Si does not impact the microstructure of the FeSi produced, which means that the technology could be easily used to handle different sizes of Si source. Through careful experiments and analysis we provide recycling methods to improve the circularity and resource efficiency in the management of end-of-life c-Si PV panels. Both experimental recycling pathways discussed in this work could potentially provide sustainable technical pathways to recycle EOL PV modules, which does not involve producing harmful greenhouse gases.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Effects of asymmetric rolling with tilted material entry on texture and mechanical properties of aluminiumByrska-Wójcik, Dorota Joanna; Ostachowska, Monika; Gibek, Julia; Wierzbanowski, Krzysztof; Wróbel, Mirosław; Błoniarz, Remigiusz; Baczmański, Andrzej; Kopyściański, Mateusz; Kalemba-Rec, Izabela
Wydział Inżynierii Metali i Informatyki Przemysłowej; Wydział Fizyki i Informatyki Stosowanej; Wydział Fizyki i Informatyki StosowanejAsymmetric rolling texture of aluminium alloy 1050 was examined both experimentally and numerically. The rolling asymmetry was realized using rolls with different diameters rotating with the same angular velocity and by varying inclination of the rolling strip (i.e., the flat and tilted entry of the rolled strip between rolls). The final, 84% reduction in the thickness was obtained after six consecutive rolling passes. Crystallographic texture variation over the rolled bar thickness was determined using X-ray diffraction and predicted using the Finite Element Method combined with two crystalline deformation models (i.e., the elasto-plastic and the elasto-viscoplastic ones). Textures predicted by both models, taking into account all deformation process parameters, are in good agreement with experimental results. The obtained results confirm the effect of texture modifications caused by the shear stress component, resulting in the shifts of selected texture maxima in the orientation space, and explain the observed texture distribution across the sample depth. The novelty of this work consist in examination of the role of the tilted material entry (besides a difference in rolls diameters) in homogenization of texture distribution in multi-pass asymmetric rolling. The rolling geometry process variants, recommended for the technological practice, are indicated.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Electrohydraulic fragmentation processing enabling separation and recovery of all components in end-of-life silicon photovoltaic panels.(2025) Nalluri, Srinath; Kuśmierczyk, Filip; Leow, Shin Woei; Reindl, Thomas; Padhamnath, Pradeep; Kopyściański, Mateusz; Karbowniczek, Joanna
Wydział Inżynierii Metali i Informatyki PrzemysłowejThe exponential increased use of PV panels for energy production would also lead to enormous volumes of PV waste that need to be dealt with in an environmentally responsible manner. In this work we present experimental results for recycling crystalline silicon (c-Si) PV panels using recently developed electrohydraulic shock wave-based fragmentation of PV panels. The electrohydraulic fragmentation process allows for the efficient delamination of the modules and subsequent recovery of almost all valuable materials used in the manufacturing of PV panels, without thermally decomposing the polymers and eliminates creation of any toxic or hazardous waste during the process. We study the impact of the type of panel, size of the feed material and process duration on the quantity and quality of material recovered after the process.Item type:Article, Access status: Open Access , Investigation of Ferrosilicon produced with Si recovered from end-of-life photovoltaic panels(2025) Kuśmierczyk, Filip; Kopyściański, Mateusz; Rai, Adarsh; Kozieł, Tomasz; Goły, Marcin; Kopia, Agnieszka; Migas, Piotr; Karbowniczek, Mirosław; Padhamnath, Pradeep
Wydział Inżynierii Metali i Informatyki PrzemysłowejRecycling end-of-life (EOL) silicon (Si) PV modules have gathered recent attention from researchers. PV modules can be recycled using a closed loop cycle where the materials recovered are reinjected into the supply chain for producing new modules. However, such solutions are extremely complex, expensive and could lead to further generation of harmful chemicals or emissions. Another way to recycle c-Si PV modules is by using them to produce other commercially important materials, for example ferrosilicon, using an easy and inexpensive route. Ferrosilicon is produced by reduction of silica using carbonaceous sources, which generates planet warming greenhouse gases. In this work, we present a simple method to use recycled Si (reSi) obtained from EOL PV modules to produce FeSi using induction furnace and no carbonaceous source. Along with reSi, metallurgical grade Si and commercial FeSi75 were also used to produce FeSi samples for comparison. FeSi samples with different silicon content were prepared. We also investigate the effect of the oxygen in the processing atmosphere, by preparing samples in arc furnace under argon atmosphere. The samples were characterized using scanning electron microscope coupled with Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, to analyse the microstructure. X-ray diffraction was also used to identify and compare the phases formed in different samples. Hardness of the samples was also determined to understand the ease in the mechanical processing of the samples for potential commercial applications. Through the experimental results we have shown that silicon recovered from EOL PV panels could be used in the fabrication of FeSi.