Street Network Orientation, Entropy and Circuity of Eight Metropolitan Cities in Indonesia

Abstract

Population growth and urban development in Indonesia have led to an increased demand for efficient road infrastructure to support economic activities and human mobility. The street network plays a crucial role in shaping the spatial structure and morphological characteristics of a city. This study aims to identify street network orientation, entropy, and circuity patterns and to classify their typologies across eight metropolitan cities in Indonesia. The analysis utilized secondary data from OpenStreetMap (OSM), processed through the OpenStreetMap NetworkX (OSMnx) software. The three main variables analyzed were orientation, entropy, and circuity. The results reveal that metropolitan cities in Indonesia exhibit varying street network patterns, which include both grid-like and dispersed forms. Based on the clustering analysis, the cities were grouped into four clusters: Cluster 1 comprises only Medan; Cluster 2 includes Surabaya; Cluster 3 comprises Bandung, Jakarta, Makassar, and Semarang; and Cluster 4 contains Bandar Lampung and Palembang. The results show that cities in different clusters require distinct planning approaches due to the varying characteristics of their street networks. These findings provide valuable insights into the organization and structure of urban street networks, offering a foundation for more efficient and sustainable transportation infrastructure planning at the national level