Studia Humanistyczne AGH
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ISSN 2084-3364
e-ISSN: 2300-7109
Issue Date
2017
Volume
T. 16
Number
Nr 2
Description
Journal Volume
Studia Humanistyczne AGH
T. 16 (2017)
Projects
Pages
Articles
Umysł vs. Umysł 2.0. Społeczne konsekwencje wzmocnienia poznawczego
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2017) Gunia, Artur
Superintelligence is one of the main ideas of transhumanism philosophy. To put this idea into effect we need to improve the capabilities of the human mind and brain. One possible approach is cognitive enhancement, defined as the amplification or extension of core mind capacities through improvement or augmentation of either internal or external information processing systems. In general, cognitive enhancements are all activities aimed at improving and expanding basic human capabilities by improving and supplementing cognitive systems. This includes intelligence and attention improvements, reinforcement of creativity and memory, and extension of the range of perception. Cognitive enhancement may be accomplished by various methods both invasive and non-invasive. Those methods can be divided into five basic groups: neuropharmacological, genetics, »natural«, social prevention, and computational. Transhumanism optimists are of the view that cognitive enhancement has a positive influence both on individuals and on society. Conversely, bio- and techno-conservatives are apprehensive about the idea. The article presents the concept of cognitive enhancement, including methods and ways of implementation. The main purpose is to present social consequences of cognitive enhancement. The article raises the following matters: (1) Opportunities and threats of cognitive enhancement both for the individual and for the society: should we improve human nature? (2) is cognitive enhancement a tool of the new eugenics, and who can be enhanced? (3) the availability of the cognitive enhancement methods: should it be regulated? (4) cognitive enhancement as a biopolitical tool: could mind improvement technologies become an apparatus of social control?
Haktywizm – społeczna korzyść czy zagrożenie?
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2017) Piotrowska, Marlena
This article focuses on the theme of hacktivism, which is a marriage of the world of technology and the world of politics. Hacktivism is a combination of socio-political activism and hacking. The research problem of this article is the question, is hacktivism a social benefit or a threat? The main thesis is that hacktivism is not serious threat to the society and the state structures. The article provides an overview of the most important definitions of hacktivism and hacktivists’ techniques with the examples of the 21st century. It also attempts to assess this phenomenon in terms of the opportunities and threats posed to citizens and state institutions, and presents the projected direction of this development.
Nowoczesne technologie i internet w służbie organizacji terrorystycznych. Próba analizy socjologicznej
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2017) Wojtasik, Karolina; Szczepański, Marek S.
The aim of this article is to analyse how terrorist organizations use new technology and the internet. The empirical references are the AQAP and ISIS organizations. The article addresses the following themes: filming military action by the Chechen troops and functions of such films as well as the typology of films produced by jihadi organizations. Furthermore, the most significant and active media activities of terrorist organizations are described. The article presents a number of reasons why the internet has become such an important tool for terrorists, and what they use it for. Summary fragments are official publications of the three major terrorist organizations.
Etyka robotów bojowych
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2017) Kopeć, Rafał
The application of autonomous combat systems is one of the most promising directions of military technology development, heralding a revolution in waging wars (the so-called »robolution«). Robots present a set of advantages over human soldiers. Interestingly, they are related not only to the sphere of operational efficiency, but also, potentially, to the sphere of ethics. However, a great deal of technological and ethical dilemmas should be resolved when using combat machines being robots par excellence: capable of operating autonomously (including making life and death decisions). The article focuses on the challenges and possible solutions in building the artificial morality of autonomous combat systems. There are two development approaches – top-down and bottom-up – reflecting two ethical stances: rigorism and situationism.
Museum as a visual lab? Culture-technology networks in CBIR projects
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2017) Olszewska, Anna; Gancarczyk, Joanna
Should any museum or scientific library consider itself as an information technology laboratory? This article explores the lives of several pioneering museum and library projects focused on digital image retrieval techniques (CBIR). The research aims to contribute critical evaluation of museum and information technology domain relations in the field. The outcomes may be applied in the planning of future co-operative endeavours. The analysis begins with a discussion of projects in which a museum or library played the role of data provider for image analysis development and testing (i.e. SWIC, Collage, SHREW systems). This is followed by a study of schemes focused on technology and implementing a standard image search methodology used for access to museum collections (i.e. QBIC, Artiste). The final part of the paper deals with the projects animated by museums or libraries themselves (BSB, Oxford Ballads Online, PrintArt) and the example of a consort that focuses on the specifi c type of visual resources (the Bernstein project).