Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria
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ISSN 1732-6702
Issue Date
2011
Volume
R. 35
Number
Nr 3
Description
Journal Volume
Górnictwo i Geoinżynieria
R. 35 (2011)
Projects
Pages
Articles
Propozycja budowy informatycznego systemu wsparcia podejmowania decyzji w obszarze zintegrowanych danych technicznych dotyczących procesów eksploatacji ciągłych systemów transportowych
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2011) Biernat, Stanisław; Hardygóra, Monika; Górniak-Zimroz, Justyna; Król, Robert Andrzej; Zimroz, Radosław
The paper deals with the latest developments in the field of computerized maintenance management system for a belt conveyors system. Some of existing in mining industry computer based systems are presented and discussed. It is showed that there is a need to build a comprehensive computerized tool for example based on a Business Intelligence software that will be able to store, process and quickly analyse data and use extracted information for decision making. A concept of such system is presented in the paper, moreover several advantages of the proposed approach is discussed. The crucial part of the system are data stored in data base - proposals of data structure organized in layers and some examples of decision using these data are also shown.
Energetyczna perspektywa węgla brunatnego w kontekście Europejskiego Systemu Handlu Emisjami (ETS)
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2011) Czopek, Kazimierz; Trzaskuś-Żak, Beata
At the moment the production of electricity from lignite is economically very effective. At the same time ecological requirements, especially the European Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS), impose a need to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide, which in the case of using brown coal is an important problem. In the Polish conditions cannot be considered perspective variant of reduction of $CO_{2}$ emissions by eliminating basic fuel, such as hard coal and lignite. There are therefore taken into account two realistic possibilities; using CCS system, which is costly and has not be proven in practice or purchasing emission limits for $CO_{2}$ (the EU ETS system). From the forward-looking point of view in the article, it has been considered the second need. It is also taking in to account at the same time, that the Polish energy security requires planning the exploitation of new lignite deposits. In view of the long investment cycle of mine and power plants construction, electricity production from the new deposits will be possible after the year 2020, after which the EU ETS assumes total liquidation of the freeware limits emissions of $CO_{2}$ and functioning of a free market of those $CO_{2}$ limits. This article analyses the situation of two selected lignite deposits, for which the profitability criterion is the cost of production 1 MWh from these deposits. In the analysis was taken into account the main factors affecting the cost of production energy, such as: the exploitation and sale cost for the power plants, expressed in PLN/Mg and PLN/GJ; the cost structure of production of electricity, including the participation volume in these costs of burned coal; efficiency of energetic blocks, because it depends on how large the level of coal consumption will be to produce energy, i.e. GJ/MWh; quality of the fuel, mainly include caloricity of lignite and its chemical composition; the cost $CO_{2}$ emissions, which not only will depend on price limits on the market, but also on the mentioned quality of lignite and blocks efficiency. The analysis showed that for the analyzed lignite deposits, the production of electricity will be economically attractive due to much more efficiency of energetic blocks and with a smaller lignite consumption and also less $CO_{2}$ emission.
Butterflies fauna biodiversity in the post-mining landscape
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2011) Čermáková, Zuzana; Pecharová, Emilie; Martiš, Miroslav
In this research we study butterflies diversity and abundance in North Czech Coal Basin (NCCB) and Landscape protected area Ceske stredohori (LP A). Butterflies are very sensitive species for changes in aricultural management (Denis 2004). They can be used as bioindicators and umbrella species. We study 4 localities - each of them includes 3 study plots. Two localities are situated in LPA and two are situated at dumps of (NCCB). We compare three different succesion stages (low xerotherm grassland, mezophilus grassland, areas with trees and bushes) on two different types of landscape (seminatural biotops x reclamations). In 2009 there were done four observations on each locality and two visits were done in 2010. Higher number of species was found in LPA and also more of rare and endangered species were observed there compare to dumps. Altough dumps seem to be good potential habitats for butterflies. Important for all localities is, if there is an active antropogenic management or not.
The contribution of agroforestry systems to land reclamation
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2011) Freese, Dirk; Böhm, Christian; Quinkenstein, Ansgar
Agroforestry systems are traditional land management systems that are recently under development in the temperate zone. These systems are defined as sustainable ways of land use which integrate both agricultural and forestry practices on the same land and at the same time. They are of particular significance to marginal regions and degraded lands where the land use system represents an alternative to land abandonment and afforestation, leads to diversification of land use and offers new socio-economic benefits. Agroforestry systems improve the efficiency of utilisation of natural resources, improve microclimatic conditions within the system, can help mitigate severe soil erosion problems and nutrient losses, enhance landscape biodiversity, lead to an overall high biomass production for material or energetical conversion (fuelwood), and thus matching the increasing demand for a self-supply with bioenergy in rural decentralized areas. For this reason, in the temperate zone, agroforestry systems attract more and more public attention as they offer a promising and comprising way to produce biomass and food, the evaluation of the carbon and nutrient budgets, the assessment of the potential impact of agroforestry on biodiversity at landscape scale and finally the exploration of the sustainability functions and socio-economic cross-cutting issues.
Praktyka sozotechniczna w działalności górniczej KWB »Sieniawa«
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2011) Galiniak, Grzegorz; Bik, Andrzej; Jarosz, Jerzy
Lignite Mine »Sieniawa« is the only mine in Poland, which extracted lignite using both underground and open pit method. The latter extraction is carried out until present day. The effects of the lignite mining process are most evident in transformation of the landscape, and therefore systematic approach to the rehabilitation of brownfield sites is a very important element of the mine's environmental policy. Lignite Mine »Sieniawa« may serve as an example of such correct approach to the sozological and sozotechnical problems encountered in open pit mining.