DECISION MAKING IN MANUFACTURING AND SERVICES

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://repo.agh.edu.pl/handle/AGH/102746

Adres wydawniczy: Kraków : Wydawnictwa AGH, 2007-
O czasopiśmie: http://journals.agh.edu.pl/dmms
ISSN: 1896-8325 e-ISSN: 2300-7087
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7494/dmms

New! Aktualny wolumen: Special Issue: Business Process Management (2024)

Decision Making in Manufacturing and Services is an interdisciplinary, international, peer-reviewed and open access journal. DMMS annually publishes papers of interest to the entire decision-making community, including academic and industry researchers and decision makers working at the interface of research and implementation in manufacturing and services.

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Access status: Open Access ,
A bi-objective portfolio optimization with conditional value-at-risk
(2010) Sawik, Bartosz
This paper presents a bi-objective portfolio model with the expected return as a performance measure and the expected worst-case return as a risk measure. The problems are formulated as a bi-objective linear program. Numerical examples based on 1000, 3500 and 4020 historical daily input data from the Warsaw Stock Exchange are presented and selected computational results are provided. The computational experiments prove that the proposed linear programming approach provides the decision maker with a simple tool for evaluating the relationship between the expected and the worst-case portfolio return.
Access status: Open Access ,
A cooperation platform for distributed manufacturing
(AGH University of Science and Technology Press, 2020) Pietroń, Roman
The aim of the paper is to analyse contemporary trends in distributed manufacturing (DM) research and to present a concept to develop and test some task allocation, planning and scheduling algorithms for DM network organisations. Some concepts to identify key factor criteria and reasoning policies and rules for production/manufacturing decision support system are also undertaken. And finally, an aim is to draw a proposal for a development of a prototype decision support system with necessary communication and knowledge oriented modules to be implemented in an example of dynamic, DM and logistics network structure, particularly for very popular dynamic cluster forms in Poland. The developed concept of the organization of a multi-entity DM network will enable business-effective use of the system, supporting manufacturing decision making, consulting and offering information services in the control centre (the so-called Competence Centre) by constructing virtual reality and access to services in a distributed network of cloud computing type. Integration of the whole system into one information system will enable analysis and network resource optimization of manufacturing and logistics processes, new analytical functions, reduction of delays in the manufacturing system, management of changes and risks, and visualization of the current state of the DM system.
Access status: Open Access ,
A Distributed Decision-Support System for Virtual Prototyping
(2007) Tirpak, Thomas M.; Lach, Lawrence E.; Xiao, Weimin; Lopez, Juan M.
Virtual Prototyping (VP) is a data-driven design process that promotes both knowledge reuse and innovation. High-profile applications in the automotive and aerospace industries have demonstrated its potential to significantly reduce prototype cycles, time to market, and total product cost. This paper addresses VP as a specialized application of Decision-Support Systems, and discusses common requirements for engineering design tools, as well as requirements specific to the design of electronic products, such as mobile phones. Motorola Labs' test bed for VP is introduced in terms of its open, agent-based architecture utilizing Java CORBA. One of the key principles of the VP System is the reuse of expert knowledge across multiple engineering domains. This is highlighted via several use cases, showing that the system can function not only as an Intranet-accessible repository of model services but also as an integral part of decision-making within the native CAD environment.
Access status: Open Access ,
A loss function for box-constrained inverses problems
(2008) Yoneda, Kiyoshi
A loss function is proposed for solving box-constrained inverse problems. Given causality mechanisms between inputs and outputs as smooth functions, an inverse problem demands to adjust the input levels to make the output levels as close as possible to the target values; box-constrained refers to the requirement that all outcome levels remain within their respective permissible intervals. A feasible solution is assumed known, which is often the status quo. We propose a loss function which avoids activation of the constraints. A practical advantage of this approach over the usual weighted least squares is that permissible outcome intervals are required in place of target importance weights, facilitating data acquisition. The proposed loss function is smooth and strictly convex with closed-form gradient and Hessian, permitting Newton family algorithms. The author has not been able to locate in the literature the Gibbs distribution corresponding to the loss function. The loss function is closely related to the <i>generalized matching law</i> in psychology.
Access status: Open Access ,
A MILP model for the municipal solid waste selective collection routing problem
(AGH University of Science and Technology Press, 2019) Korcyl, Antoni; Książek, Roger; Gdowska, Katarzyna
Nowadays, selective solid waste management in the European Union belongs to important responsibilities of municipalities. In Solid Waste Management (SWM) the main operational task is to set a schedule for solid waste collection and to find optimal routes for garbage trucks, so that the total costs of the solid waste collection service can be minimized, subject to a series of constraints which not only guarantee the fulfillment of the SWM's obligations but also ensure the desirable quality level of that service. The optimization in garbage truck routing belongs to so called rich Vehicle Routing Problems as it aims to cover the following constraints: pickup nodes (clients) must be visited during their predefined time windows, the number and capacity of depots and specialized sorting units cannot be exceeded, each garbage truck can be assigned to at most one depot, each route should be dedicated to collecting one type of segregated solid waste, and the route must be served by a garbage truck which can collect that type of solid waste, the availability of garbage trucks and their drivers must be respected, each garbage truck must be drained at a specialized sorting unit before going back to the depot. This paper contributes a newly developed Mixed-Integer Programming (MIP) model for the Municipal Solid Waste Selective Collection Routing Problem (MSWSCRP) with time windows, limited heterogeneous fleet, and different types of segregated solid waste to be collected separately. Results obtained for solving small-sized instance of the MSWSCRP are reported.
Access status: Open Access ,
A reference point approach to bi-objective dynamic portfolio optimization
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2009) Sawik, Bartosz
The portfolio selection problem presented in this paper is formulated as a bi-objective mixed integer program. The portfolio selection problem considered is based on a dynamic model of investment, in which the investor buys and sells securities in successive investment periods. The problem objective is to dynamically allocate the wealth on different securities to optimize by reference point method the portfolio expected return and the probability that the return is not less than a required level. In computational experiments the dataset of daily quotations from the Warsaw Stock Exchange were used.
Access status: Open Access ,
A reference point method to triple-objective assignment of supporting services in a healthcare institution
(2010) Sawik, Bartosz
This paper presents an application of mixed integer programming model for optimal allocation of workers among supporting services in a hospital. The services include logistics, inventory management, financial management, operations management, medical analysis, etc. The optimality criterion of the problem is to minimize operational costs of supporting services subject to some specific constraints. The constraints represent specific conditions for resource allocation in a hospital. The overall problem is formulated as a triple-objective assignment model, where the decision variables represent the assignment of people to various jobs. A reference point approach with the Chebyshev metric is applied for the problem solution. The results of computational experiments modeled on a real data from a hospital in Lesser Poland are reported.
Access status: Open Access ,
A simulation of the impact of waste batteries on ecosystem reliability
(AGH University of Science and Technology Press, 2020) Petrov, Oleksandr; Pogrebennik, Volodimir Dmitrovič; Šibanova, Alla Mikolaïvna; Ruda, Marìâ Vìtalìïvna
In order to assess the impact of a battery's multi-element composition on the state of the environment, a new approach is proposed through the determination of the reliability of ecosystems, one which makes it possible to obtain quantitative indexes of the stability and losses of natural ecosystems. These data can be used as indicators of the state of the environment, and hence as the assessment of an environmental component important for determining the actual impact of the multi-element composition of batteries. On the basis of such indicators, which can be obtained using the SimaPro software, it is possible to calculate thresholds beyond which negative phenomena occur, as well as to predict and simulate situations, to carry out the mapping of sources of risks, and to monitor changes. This will allow the causes of these changes to be identified or to determine the factors that slow down or retard the approach of ecosystems to a critical state, i.e. to develop preventive measures to avoid disasters. The eco-indicator 99 is one such method that allows us to accept a single estimate for a whole product - the so-called ecological index. It is the sum of all individual eco-points or partial indexes for all life-cycle processes. The computational procedure is carried out by summing up the results of weighing the phases of the life cycle.
Access status: Open Access ,
A SPC strategy for decision making in manufacturing processes
(AGH University of Science and Technology Press, 2019) Gil Del Val, Alain; Sawik, Bartosz; Alba, Maria Agustín Martin; Faulin, Javier; Diéguez-Elizondo, Pedro María
Tapping is an extensively employed manufacturing process by which a multi-teeth tool, known as a tap, cuts a mating thread when driven into a hole. When taps are new or slightly worn, the process is under control and the geometry of the resulting threads on the workpiece is correct. But as the tap wear increases, the thread geometry deviates progressively from the correct one and eventually the screw threads become unacceptable. The aim of this paper is to outline the development of a statistical process control strategy for decision making based on data coming from the current signal of the tap spindle for assessing thread quality. It could operate on line, and indicates when the tap wear is so critical that, if the process were continued, it would result in unacceptable screw threads. The system would be very cost-effective since the tapping process could be run without any operator intervention.
Access status: Open Access ,
A transfer line balancing problem by heuristic methods: industrial case studies
(2008) Guschinskaya, Olga; Dolgui, Alexandre
The paper deals with the problem of optimal configuration of a type of transfer lines which are equipped with transfer machines. Such machines perform operations with standard modular spindle heads which are activated sequentially. All operations assigned to the same spindle head (block of operations) are executed simultaneously by a set of tools fixed at the spindle head. The quantity of machines and spindle heads used to produce a part with the given productivity rate defines the final cost of the transfer line which must be minimized. To minimize this cost, a combinatorial problem of operations assignment to blocks and machines must be solved. The solution must provide a desired productivity (cycle time), it must also satisfy precedence and compatibility constraints. In this paper, we suggest improved versions of FSIC heuristic algorithm in order to help line designers to solve real-scale industrial problems. Results of computational experiments obtained for industrial cases are presented.
Access status: Open Access ,
A two-phase algorithm for a Resource Constrained Project Scheduling Problem with Discounted Cash Flows
(2013) Klimek, Marcin; Łebkowski, Piotr
This paper presents a Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling Problem (RCPSP) settled by contractual milestones. The criterion analysed here is the maximisation of aggregate discounted cash flows from the contractor's perspective, known as an RCPSP problem with Discounted Cash Flows (RCPSPDCF). The cash flows analysed here cover the contractor´s cash outflows (negative cash flows), related to the commencement of individual activities, and cash inflows (positive cash flows) after the fulfilment of individual milestones. The authors propose a two-phase algorithm for solving the problem defined. In the first phase, the simulated annealing metaheuristics is used, designed to identify a forward schedule with as high total DCF as possible. In the second phase, the best first-phase schedule is improved by right shifts of activities. To this end, the procedure which iteratively shifts tasks by one unit is applied, with a view to maximising the objective function. Activity shifts take into consideration precedence and resource constraints, and they are performed for a specified resource allocation to activities. This paper also includes an analysis of the problem for a sample project. The results of computational experiments are then analysed. The experiments were run with the use of standard test problems from the Project Scheduling Problem LIBrary (PSPLIB), with additionally defined cash flows and contractual milestones.
Access status: Open Access ,
A utility function to solve approximate linear equations for decision making
(2013) Yoneda, Kiyoshi; Celaschi, Walter
Suppose there are a number of decision variables linearly related to a set of outcome variables. There are at least as many outcome variables as the number of decision variables since all decisions are outcomes by themselves. The quality of outcome is evaluated by a utility function. Given desired values for all outcome variables, decision making reduces to »solving« the system of linear equations with respect to the decision variables; the solution being defined as decision variable values such that maximize the utility function. This paper proposes a family of additively separable utility functions which can be defined by setting four intuitive parameters for each outcome variable: the desired value of the outcome, the lower and the upper limits of its admissible interval, and its importance weight. The utility function takes a nonnegative value within the admissible domain and negative outside; permits gradient methods for maximization, is designed to have a small dynamic range for numerical computation. Small examples are presented to illustrate the proposed method.
Access status: Open Access ,
Adoption of Electromobility in Urban Transport in Poland – Cost-Benefit Trade-Offs and Decision-Making Challenges
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2021) Wiśniowski, Wojciech
Electromobility is increasingly recognized as a cornerstone of sustainable urban transport strategies. This paper presents an analysis of selected economic, environmental, and infrastructural implications of transitioning from internal combustion engine vehicles to electric vehicles (EVs) in urban settings. Through a cost-benefit analysis, the study compares the purchase and operating costs of EVs and conventional cars across mini, compact, and premium market segments, accounting for factors such as energy consumption, fuel and electricity prices, annual mileage, and carbon emissions. The development and expansion of charging infrastructure, along with the integration of smart grid solutions and energy storage capabilities, are examined in the context of meeting the growing demand from a rising fleet of EVs. Additionally, the paper analyzes changes in urban mobility behaviors, highlighting the shift toward shared mobility and ecomobility, and discusses how these trends can reshape urban transportation to improve quality of life and reduce environmental impacts. Drawing on current trends, national electromobility development plans in Poland, and international best practices, the study identifies challenges and enablers for policymakers and decision-makers in the transportation and energy sectors, highlighting the need for coordinated planning and policy support to ensure the long-term viability and sustainability of electromobility in urban environments.
Access status: Open Access ,
Advances in cone-based preference modeling for decision making with multiple criteria
(2007) Wiecek, Margaret M.
Decision making with multiple criteria requires preferences elicited from the decision maker to determine a solution set. Models of preferences, that follow upon the concept of nondominated solutions introduced by Yu (1974), are presented and compared within a unified framework of cones. Polyhedral and nonpolyhedral, convex and nonconvex, translated, and variable cones are used to model different types of preferences. Common mathematical properties of the preferences are discussed. The impact of using these preferences in decision making is emphasized.
Access status: Open Access ,
Allocating pooled inventory according to contributions and entitlements
(2015) Gerchak, Yigal
Inventory pooling, whether by centralization of stock or by mutual assistance, is known to be beneficial when demands are uncertain. But when the retailers are independent, the question is how to divide the benefits of pooling. We consider a decentralized inventorypooling scheme where a retailer’s entitlements to the allocation during a shortage depend on his/her contributions to the pool. We derive the Nash equilibrium and specialize it to symmetric cases.
Access status: Open Access ,
An assignment heuristic for time-dependent periodic routing problems with complex constraints
(AGH University of Science and Technology Press, 2020) Śliwiński, Tomasz
Periodic routing and scheduling is of the utmost importance in many industries with mobile personnel working in the field: sales representatives, service technicians, suppliers, etc. In many cases, the long-term stability of the customer to salesman assignment is required, leading to the decomposition of the major problem into single salesman subproblems. The paper addresses the assignment of customers to salesmen for the future services performed in a periodic fashion. It can be seen as the decomposition phase of the periodic vehicle routing problem PVRP into a number of Periodic Traveling Salesman Problems (PTSP). The proposed algorithm seeks the best assignment by taking into account diverse system requirements, constraints and expected operational costs including time windows, time-dependent travel times and costs, and labor laws.
Access status: Open Access ,
An attribute based similarity function for VRP Decision Support
(2012) Løkketangen, Arne; Oppen, Johan; Oyola, Jorge; Woodruff, David L.
When solving problems in the real world using optimization tools, the model solved by the tools is often only an approximation of the underlying, real, problem. In these circumstances, a decision maker (DM) should consider a diverse set of good solutions, not just an optimal solution as produced using the model. On the other hand, the same DM will only be interested in seeing a few of the alternative solutions, and not the plethora of solutions often produced by modern search techniques. There is thus a need to distinguish between good solutions using the attributes of solutions. We develop a distance function of the type proposed in the Psychology literature by Tversky (1977) for the class of VRP problems. We base our difference on the underlying structure of solutions. A DM is often interested in focusing on a set of solutions fulfilling certain conditions that are of specific importance that day, or in general, like avoiding a certain road due to construction that day. This distance measure can also be used to generate solutions containing these specific classes of attributes, as the normal search process might not supply enough of these interesting solutions. We illustrate the use of the functions in a Multiobjective Decision Support System (DSS) setting, where the DM might want to see the presence (or absence) of certain attributes, and show the importance of identifying solutions not on the Pareto front. Our distance measure can use any attributes of the solutions, not just those defined in the optimization model.
Access status: Open Access ,
An incremental approach for storage and delivery planning problems : optimization in supply chain management
(2012) Sakakibara, Kazutoshi; Tian, Yajie; Nishikawa, Ikuko
We consider a logistic planning problem for simultaneous optimization of the storage and the delivery. This problem arises in the consolidate shipment using an intermediate storage in a supply chain, which is typically found in the automobile industry. The vehicles deliver the items from the origin to the destination, while the items can be stored at some warehousing facilities as the intermediate storage during the delivery. The delivery plan is made for each day separately, but the storage at a warehouse may last for more than one day. Therefore, the entire logistic plan should be considered over a certain period for the total optimization. We formulate the storage and delivery problem as a mixed integer programming. Then, we propose a relax-and-fix type heuristic method, which incrementally fixes decision variables until all the variables are fixed to obtain a complete solution. Moreover, a semiapproximate model is introduced to effectively fix the variables. Based on the formulation, the delivery plan can be solved for each day separately. This has the advantage especially in the dynamic situation, where the delivery request is modified from the original request before the actual delivery day. Numerical experiments show that the simultaneous optimization gives the effective storage plan to reduce the total logistic cost, and the proposed heuristics efficiently reduce the computational time and are robust against the dynamic situation.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analogous forecasting of products with a short life cycle
(2010) Szozda, Natalia
Managing a supply chain for products with a short life cycle, like fashion apparel, high-tech, personal computers, toys, CD's etc., is challenging for many companies (Fisher and Raman, 1999). Because the life cycles of these products are too short for standard time-series forecasting methods (not longer than one - two years), an important way of overcoming the challenges of managing supply chains for such products is to find appropriate forecasting methodologies. The standard forecasting methods require some historical data, which are often unavailable at the time when the forecasts are being performed for products with a short life cycle (Lin, 2005). The method described in this article allows forecasters to use life cycles of similar, analogous products to arrive at the initial forecasts for the product(s) at hand.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analysis of municipal waste management in municipality of Krakow
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2023) Szyba, Marta; Ostrowska, Justyna
Rational waste management is an essential element in the process of transitioning the linear economy into a circular model. Those actions that are taken to achieve better results in this area are important for regional and local development as well as for the implementation of sustainable development goals. This article presents the requirements and rules for the functioning of waste management in Poland. Taking the structure of the system into account, the functioning of waste management in the municipality of Krakow was analyzed. Particular attention was paid to the problem of municipal waste segregation by the inhabitants of Krakow. As part of our own research, surveys were conducted among the employees of the Municipal Cleaning Company LLC (Miejskie Przedsiębiorstwo Oczyszczania w Krakowie – MPO Sp. z o.o.), which showed the scale of the deficiencies. The results of the research were helpful in proposing actions to increase the effectiveness of the wastesegregation system in Krakow.