Artykuły (CN-human)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repo.agh.edu.pl/handle/AGH/102815

Artykuły czasopisma Studia Humanistyczne AGH

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Access status: Open Access ,
»10 praktycznych sposobów na integrację Romów«, czyli analiza współczesnej sytuacji społeczności romskich z perspektywy antropologii darów
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Witkowski, Maciej
The article is based on the results of ethnographic fieldwork in the local Bergitka Roma settlements in Poland and their social environment conducted over the past three years Roma communities in Poland are currently a subject of intensive interactions with the »mainstream society«, whose aim is socio-economic integration. Just as in the classic study of Marcel Mauss we also have to deal with an expected value exchange here. Mainstream society gives a gift in the form of funds for »integrative practices« and hopes that on the basis of reciprocity, Roma communities abandon those elements of their traditional way of life which can be problematic in a »democratic« and »integrated« society. Ihc exchange of gifts is usually more of a symbolic action than satisfying »objective« needs. It is rather a sign of mutual recognition, a tactic to build social bonds. The text shows how the existing practice of integrating by gifts sometimes leads to moral humiliation.
Access status: Open Access ,
4’ 33’’: John Cage’s utopia of music
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2016) Palmowski, Michał
The present article examines the connection between Cage’s politics and aesthetics, demonstrating how his formal experiments are informed by his political and social views. In 4’33’’, which is probably the best illustration of Cage’s radical aesthetics, Cage wanted his listeners to appreciate the beauty of accidental noises, which, as he claims elsewhere, »had been discriminated against« (Cage 1961d: 109). His egalitarian stance is also reflected in his views on the function of the listener. He wants to empower his listeners, thus blurring the distinction between the performer and the audience. In 4’33’’ the composer forbidding the performer to impose any sounds on the audience gives the audience the freedom to rediscover the natural music of the world. I am arguing that in his experiments Cage was motivated not by the desire for formal novelty but by the utopian desire to make the world a better place to live. He described his music as »an affirmation of life – not an attempt to bring order out of chaos nor to suggest improvements in creation, but simply a way of waking up to the very life we’re living, which is so excellent once one gets one’s mind and desires out of its way and lets it act of its own accord« (Cage 1961b: 12).;John Cage
Access status: Open Access ,
A pocketbook of wonders: »Mayses noyroim« (Deeds of Awe, Pietrkov 1913/1914) and the rebbe of Radzymin
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2017) Tuszewicki, Marek
Mayses Noyroim is a Yiddish booklet published in the second decade of the twentieth century documenting the wonders performed by Ya’akov Arie Guterman (1792–1874). The path of this renowned figure from Radzymin led him through the courts of the most important Hasidic leaders of Poland. The booklet of only 40 pages presents the protagonist as the rightful successor of the tsaddikim of Lublin, Przysucha and Warka. It is a collection of stories gathered almost entirely from oral testimonies of people who participated in the life of his court. Besides a few indications of ritual customs, as well as a handful of Hasidic teachings, the text focuses on the esoteric dimension of Guterman’s multifarious activities. It starts with a testimony, that he was a man of God’s prophecy. Then it briefly recounts the story of his life, to present his figure in supernatural circumstances. The paper discusses the booklet in its most fascinating contexts to analyse the way the tsaddik’s wondrous deeds functioned in the popular imagination. My aim is to elucidate how the reality of early twentieth-century Polish-Jewish society corresponded with esoteric speculations. In other words, how the needs of the people were reflected in narratives of miracles and marvels, regardless of their clearly modern background.
Access status: Open Access ,
A terrible structuralist wisdom: how language affects the identity of an emigrant. Case study based on the autobiography »Lost in translation« by Eva Hoffman
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2013) Szepe, Agata
This essay is a case study about linguistic mechanisms that affect an emigrant's life. The research is based on the autobiography Lost in Translation by the Polish emigrant Eva Hoffman, analyzed with the use of theories of the structural linguistic school. According to the research, some linguistic rules influence her life very deeply. She communicates poorly because the expression of new language corresponds with different content from the native language, creating another form. Eva starts to treat daily communication like a written text, in the meaning used by Roland Barthes, which results in alienation. However, some linguistic principles such as the arbitrary nature of a sign or inseparability of signifiant and signifie do not affect her at all. She deepens her understanding of both her mother tongue and the new one by linguistic terms such as translation describing, defining and finding synonyms and tries to find her own identities using expressions such as I, you, here, near, and far, belonging to linguistic universals. Her identity is an identity-in-progress because she replaces her old home with a new center of the world. The old home remains a heterotopia while an emigrant changes her onceptions connected with the words here, there, near, and far.
Access status: Open Access ,
Abramowski i Bakunin - dwie wizje wolności
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2008) Podgórska, Elżbieta
Two ways to emancypation of mankind: Bakunin's by revolution and Abramowski's by evolution, the second way basing on education and moral developing of people. That two methods join critical estimation of state, religion and one purpose: to create new, justice political system supportrd on only one level form of framework. These philosophers unite realistit condemnation of political and economic actuality and utopian solutions - the last supported on a belief that a man has only a good dispositions.
Access status: Open Access ,
Active ageing and material deprivation of older generations in Europe and in Poland: how do they interplay?
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Perek-Białas, Jolanta
The active ageing concept includes domain of independent, healthy and secure living which includes financial aspects, measured by risk of poverty and material deprivation. The key questions of this paper are: how are the poverty indicators related to each other in the Active Ageing Index?, in what ways are they related to some of the other indicators included in the index (such as employment)? And which countries in Europe are »winners« and which are »losers« in this particular financial aspects based on the Active Ageing Index? Besides of this, the example of sub-national application of Active Ageing Index for Poland was presented with showing relation of these financial indicators in the analysis.
Access status: Open Access ,
Adversity encountered in the road to gender diversity – women and men in high business positions and in scientific domains
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2019) Pyrkosz-Pacyna, Joanna
Access status: Open Access ,
After late modernity: possible scenarios for future social changes
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2019) Juza, Marta
Contemporary society is currently undergoing milestone transformations. Many are the signs that modernity is moving into the background, no longer the dominant form of social order. This phase of decline is connected to numerous problems: a sense of uncertainty, a normative crisis, or, in other words, a state of anomie. The question therefore arises as to what comes next. If anomie is perceived as an illness, then three further scenarios are possible: the end of the world, crisis as a permanent state of affairs, or a healthy »recovery« which would entail the emergence and stabilization of a new type of society. This article presents all three of these variants: a society scattered across a network form of social order, a social order based upon a new type of community, and an order which, on a broad scale, incorporates nonhuman objects within human societies.
Access status: Open Access ,
Ageism stereotyping as a social policy premise
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2014) Klymanska, Larysa; Boiko, Iryna
This article deals with socio-cultural factors of the problems of »social status of older people«. The aim of the paper is to analyze the socio-cultural values of elements of social gerontology in order to identify the factors that determine the basis for the formation of social policy of old age in modern society. We have indicated the basic attitudes and behaviours that affect the regulation of the social problem of the status of older people.
Access status: Open Access ,
Aktywizacja i integracja - wybrane zagadnienia dotyczące spółdzielczości socjalnej w Małopolsce i na Opolszczyźnie
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2012) Goleński, Wojciech
This article presents the basic facts related to the functioning of social cooperatives in Poland and in both voivodeships analysed. It also illustrates the role these entities play in the activation through operation of groups at risk of social exclusion. Vocational activation is a means to socio-vocational reintegration of members of the cooperatives. The social cooperatives in the Opole and Małopolska regions, being the subject of this analysis, constitute an example of efficiently operating social enterprises that, thanks to the support from the self-government in one case and from a non-governmental organization in the other, are able to operate in the market efficiently while pursuing their social missions.
Access status: Open Access ,
Aktywność jako strategia pomyślnego starzenia się w świetle internetowych rad i wskazówek dla seniorów
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2023) Maksymowicz, Agata; Kapralska, Łucja
This work deals with the issue of organizing leisure time for people who are retired. The next stage of life after the completion of work brings with it the lack of professional duties and the slow withdrawal of social roles performed so far. On the one hand, this state of affairs can be a blessing, on the other hand it can cause emptiness and stress due to both the excess of free time and the need to cope with the new situation. Hence the question: »what to do in retirement?« to counteract the above-mentioned states and phenomena and find itself in a satisfying new social role. The analysis of Internet resources and the publishing market allows to find various sources of pieces of advice that beginner seniors can utilise. Several of them have been analyzed in this paper. These include tips from more senior citizens, book guides, portals dedicated to seniors, institutions that activate older people and, finally, commercial companies interested in seniors as consumers. Most guidance fits the model of an active old age, a retirement planned and organised in terms of leisure time management, mental, health and administrative preparation.
Access status: Open Access ,
„Ale dlaczego dwaj do ciebie mówią »kochanie«?”. Konsensualna niemonogamia w polsce w perspektywie antropologicznej
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2024) Stasińska, Antonina
relationships in postmodernity. While psychology and sociology currently dominate this topic, an anthropological approach based on ethnographic research can provide a deeper understanding of this phenomenon. Ethnography allows for the examination of diverse strategies and practices adopted by people living in a nonmonogamous manner. The anthropological approach, which places individual human experience at the center of cultural context, has the potential to broaden an understanding of concepts such as jealousy, relationship/ frienship, and family. The author examines the development of concepts of non-monogamy, polygamy, and monogamous family by looking at the beginnings of anthropology and then critically reading them in relation to the contemporary social world and her own fieldwork conducted among women living in consensually nonmonogamous relationships in Poland.
Access status: Open Access ,
Alternatywizm, dysjunktywizm i pluralizm doświadczeniowy
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2018) Zięba, Paweł Jakub
The claim currently known as »disjunctivism« is usually interpreted in terms of exclusive disjunction. However, it can be also explicated through the lens of alternative denial. The aim of this paper is to show that the latter interpretation is more accurate. Firstly, it reflects the core of disjunctivism more precisely. Secondly, it reduces metaphysical weight of the claim, thereby making it more plausible.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analityka kulturowa, czyli jak narzędzia »data science« zmieniły humanistykę
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2022) Radomski, Andrzej
The article presents research paradigms that have radically changed the contemporary humanities. The most important of these is cultural analytics. It is based on Data Science methods. The author presents the assumptions of data science, and then the characteristics of digital humanities and cultural analytics. The second part of the article presents examples of research and projects conducted as part of cultural analysis. These are projects implemented at the DH Lab at Yale University, Software Studies Initiative, and Media Lab Katowice. Research conducted in these institutions transformed the humanities. Its characteristic features are the study of large data collections, research automation, the use of machine learning and knowledge visualization. The new humanities, the author claims, has become an exact science.
Access status: Open Access ,
Analysis of media representations of non-neurotypical students in the context of support for people with autism spectrum disorders offered by Polish state-owned universities. Sociological study
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2018) Drzazga-Lech, Maja; Świątkiewicz-Mośny, Maria
More and more high functioning pupils with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are finishing school, graduating and entering higher education, but in Poland the exact number of these students is still unknown. For academics, especially outside the field of pedagogy and psychology, it is a major challenge to work with students with such dysfunctions. This can activate the social labelling process and negative stigmatisation on the part of people who do not have the knowledge and ability to interact with people with autistic traits. This, in turn, can contribute to perpetuating the stigmatic identity of non‑neurotypical students. This article is exploratory. Its purpose is to present the complexity of the situation of students withASD within the exceptional environment of a university. The inspiration was a controversial article published in a newspaper which evoked a media debate on this issue and activated the process of objectification of social representations of non‑neurotypical adults, especially those with autistic traits. This article focuses on media discourse caused by the controversial article: articles, letters, and responses published in newspapers and newspaper forums, it also comments on legal regulations and assistance programmes.
Access status: Open Access ,
Anti-psychologism in Wittgenstein's philosophy in reference to theories of communication
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2013) Wendland, Michał
This article aims to investigate the validity of criticism of what is known as psychologist-transmission communication theory. It is accepted that theories which support the idea that communication is a process of conveying (transmitting) psychological content of the mental states between participants (e.g. theories of Jakobson, Hovland, Newcomb et al.) are examples of the approach. There are doubts about such views, which arise from the assumptions of anti-psychologism and anti-mentalism (such as Frege, Husserl), as well as the rejection of traditional notions of subjectivity in philosophy after the linguistic turn. In order to justify the criticism the position of the »late« Wittgenstein is invoked, according to which communication activities (as well as thinking, understanding etc.) need not be considered as correlated to mental acts.
Access status: Open Access ,
Antropodramatyka Karola Wojtyły
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2007) Galarowicz, Jan
Commentators of Karol Wojtyła's philosophical thought usually offer three types of its interpretation. Some of triem claim that Wojtyła's philosophy belongs to the category of classical philosophy of being. Other scholars believe that it is a variety of realistic phenomenology Most frequently, Wojtyla's philosophical thought is interpreted as synthesis of the philosophies of being and consciousness. Yet, there are serious reasons to believe that Wojtyla's thought is essentially the philosophy of human existence drama, having different qualities from the philosophy created by Józef Tischner. The paper contributes to the development of the latter interpretation.What is the main structure and characteristics of this philosophy? Primarily, it is a realistic phenomenology. Its specific character is determined by the fact that it does not exclude hermeneutics and implies a definite ontology. While describing, interpreting and explaining the intra-personal drama, the drama between humans as well as between God and human being, Karol Wojtyła applies the notions of the philosophy of being, consciousness philosophy, axiological ethics and community personalism. Although Karol Wojtyła's philosophical creativity is essentially far from poetic language, yet it relies profoundly on the Evangelical metaphor of wheat grain: I tell you the truth, unless a kernel of wheat falls to the ground and dies, it remains only a single seed. But if it dies, it produces many seeds (John 12:24).
Access status: Open Access ,
Apostołowie międzygwiezdnej religijności. Motyw kosmicznego kontaktu w kinie nowej przygody
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2010) Konefał, Sebastian Jakub
American science fi ction cinema of the 1970s began To employ eclectically presented references to eclectic views on religious topics. Films directed by artists such as Steven Spielberg and George Lucas offered viewers the stories influenced by the Christian and Buddhist symbolism as well as selected theses of the New Age Movements. The authors wanted to create in their productions new religiousness patterns, derived from the writings of some leading figures of the counterculture, such as Herbert Marcuse, Charles Reich, and Theodore Roszak. For this purpose they processed some storylines from science fiction novels and mass culture. This strategy was continued in the 1980s and first half of the 1990s, however the productions from this period showed a radicalization of the educational-ideological context which was associated with the conservative policy of the USA during this period. The end of the 1990s and the first decade of the twenty-first century is a period of erosion the New Age optimism of science fi ction cinema. The growing popularity of plots with catastrophic and dystopian visions of the future indicates that religious topic in contemporary cinema fulfi lls different functions.
Access status: Open Access ,
Arduino – emanation of the culture of prosumption and participation. An analysis of the relationships among users, objects and technology
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2018) Kopecka-Piech, Katarzyna
The article aims at defining the specificity of Arduino technology from the perspective of the culture in which it has been developing, i.e. on the border of the culture of prosumption and participation. Arduino’s development environment has been researched on the basis of existing data and source literature by analyzing the relationship between a user, an object and technology based on processes such as openness, adaptability, standardization, personalization, self-customization, democratization of technology, and peer cooperation.
Access status: Open Access ,
Arnold Gehlen jako anty-Rousseau
(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2015) Szklarska, Anna
The article makes an attempt to explain if Arnold Gehlen was reasonable in defining himself as anti-Rousseau, and also why this famous German thinker considered Jean Jacques Rousseau, who lived two centuries earlier, his greatest philosophical opponent. Gehlen thought that the tendency towards degeneration is primal for human beings. Therefore in his opinion people need institutions to redirect the excesses of the consuming impulse and the sexual impulse: there is a need to stabilize what is excessive and unstable in humans. For Gehlen there is a reason for this exceptionally pessimistic view on humankind, which is by nature prone to degradation. The German philosopher is driven by the need to justify the institutions, which if questioned, cannot save us from oncoming chaos. The main context for the author’s analysis are different ways of perceiving and understanding the spheres of nature and culture and their interference with human existence by such philosophers as Rousseau, Gehlen, Arendt, and Rand. For Gehlen, culture is not a natural state. It needs maintenance, it is constantly endangered, and its fall is inevitably connected with the fall of institutions. The anti-Rousseau philosophy proclaims a return to culture. It is also explained what hides behind Gehlen’s thesis, which states that we live in times that are culturally unproductive and that contemporary civilization reveals all the weaknesses of human nature.