Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

The availability and sustainability of good quantities and qualities of water supplies for human needs and support development should be warranted, therefore, existing water resources should be managed sustainably. A multidisciplinary rapid appraisal method called multidimensional scaling (MDS) is an approach for a comprehensive analysis of the sustainability statuses of domestic water supplies. This study aims to analyze the index and sustainability status of raw water management from three dimensions of sustainability. The results that were obtained from a specific multidimensional scaling analysis method called Rapid Appraisal for Air Baku (Rapaku) are expressed in the form of indices and sustainability statuses. Based on different dimensions of the sustainability status review, the analysis results showed that Bandung’s domestic raw water was “less sustainable” (42.34%). Of the 35 attributes that were analyzed, there were 13 sensitive attributes that affected the index and sustainability status with a very small error at a 95% confidence level.

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Estimation of Natural Uranium and Its Risk-Assessment in Groundwater of Bangalore Urban District of Karnataka, India

(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2024) Naik, Poojashri Ravindra; Rajashekara, Vinod Alurdoddi; Mudbidre, Rajalakshmi

In this study, 56 groundwater samples were taken from diverse sources in Bangalore Urban district during the pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons to measure the uranium concentration and its correlation with different water-quality parameters. The uranium concentration varied from 0.94–98.79 µg/L during the pre-monsoon season and from 1.38–96.52 µg/L during the post-monsoon season. Except for a few readings, all were within the safe limit of 60 µg/L as prescribed by India’s Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB), Department of Atomic Energy (DAE). Owing to its slightly higher concentration, a study on the radiological and chemical risks that are caused due to the ingestion of uranium was assessed. Based on the radiological aspect, cancer mortality and its risks were assessed, wherein all of the samples were well within the acceptable limit of $10^{-4}$, therefore, consuming these water samples was radiologically safe. However, when the risk that was caused by chemical toxicity was assessed, a few samples exceeded the hazard quotient (HQ) value of more than 1, thus illustrating that individuals were vulnerable to chemical risk. This paper features assessments of uranium and its risks to public health in groundwater samples if it exceeded the safe limit. Additionally, it recognizes the value of periodically assessing and treating the area’s drinking water sources.

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Infrastructure for 3D Modeling of Historical Fountains in Istanbul with GIS-Based Procedural Approach

(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2024) Şenyurdusev, Güçlü; Doğru, Ahmet Özgür

Along with the concepts of “smart city” and “digital twin,” the 3D (three-dimensional) city models have started to be used as a basis for many studies that have been carried out in recent years. The most important and basic components of 3D city models are the structures that are located in the cities. However, some small structures of historical importance are within the category of the buildings in a city but are often not as large as a building. Historical fountains are some of these structures. For this reason, modeling with existing 3D city model-production methods is a little more complicated and requires local measurements and detailed modeling studies. As a result, this study has designed a database scheme design in which the historical city wall fountains in Istanbul can be stored in a spatial database and modeled in three dimensions (with procedural modeling when necessary). In addition, the conveniences that this infrastructure will provide in the production of 3D structure models and some difficulties that were encountered during these studies are also discussed and examined.

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Comparison of Statistical and Machine-Learning Model for Analyzing Landslide Susceptibility in Sumedang Area, Indonesia

(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2024) Fitriana, Hana Listi; Ismanto, Rido Dwi; Tulus, Jessica Stephanie; Julzarika, Atriyon; Nugroho, Jalu Tejo; Manalu, Johannes

Landslides have produced several recurrent dangers, including losses of life and property, losses of agricultural land, erosion, population relocation, and others. Landslide mitigation is critical since population and economic expansion are rapidly followed by significant infrastructure development, increasing the risk of catastrophes. At an early stage in landslide-disaster mitigation, landslide-risk mapping must give critical information to help policies limit the potential for landslide damage. This study will utilize the comparative frequency ratio (FR) and random forest (RF) techniques, they will be utilized to properly investigate the distribution of flood vulnerability in the Sumedang area. This study has identified 12 criteria for developing a landslide-susceptibility model in the research region based on the features of past disasters in the research area. The FR and RF models scored 88 and 81% of the AUC value, respectively. Based on the McNemar test, the FR and RF models featured the same performance in determining the landslide-vulnerability level performances in Sumedang. They performed well in assessing landslides in the research region, therefore, they may be used as references in landslide prevention and references in future regional development plans by the stakeholders.

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Apartment Rental Market in Border Cities of Poland and Ukraine

(Wydawnictwa AGH, 2024) Hełdak, Maria; Kucher, Lesia

This article is a contribution to the research that addresses the levels of apartment rental costs in Poland and Ukraine. The city of Rzeszów in Poland and Lviv in Ukraine – voivodeship capital cities that are located about 100 km from the Polish-Ukrainian border – were selected for the analysis. The purpose of the research is to compare the rental costs of apartments and to determine the correlation between the average rental rate and location of an apartment in the city as well as its floor, area, and residential standard. The experimental part of the article presents research results based on analyzing more than 300 apartment rental offers in the Rzeszów and Lviv housing market at the turn of 2022–2023. The possibility of renting an apartment results from the financial capacity of potential tenants, which is unavailable to people with low incomes, hence, the study also analyzed market rental rates in the context of the minimum wage in Poland and Ukraine in 2022.

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Geomatics and Environmental Engineering

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